我国大火成岩省和地幔柱研究进展与展望  

Study on Mantle Plume and Large Igneous Provinces in China: An Overview and Perspectives

作　　者：徐义刚[1] 何斌[1] 罗震宇[1] 刘海泉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所,同位素地球化学国家重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2013年第1期25-39,共15页Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2011CB808906);国家自然科学基金资助项目(40721063);中国科学院海外创新团队项目

摘　　要：本文简要阐明大火成岩省和地幔柱研究的关键科学问题及研究方法,然后对新世纪以来我国中晚二叠纪峨眉山大火成岩省和早二叠纪塔里木大火成岩省的研究进展进行了回顾和总结.通过不同学科的地质观察与地幔柱理论预测的对比研究发现,峨眉山玄武岩喷发前的地壳隆升,高温原始岩浆,极短的岩浆作用持续时间以及不同类型岩浆的空间分布特征等均支持地幔柱模型。为了解释塔里木大火成岩省的岩浆演化,提出了一个两阶段的动力学模型。最后对大火成岩省和地幔柱领域研究进行了展望。This review paper starts with outlining some key research topics and methods in the field of Large Igneous Provinces （LIP） and mantle plumes. It is followed by an overview of the recent achievements and debates in the !ate Permian Emeishan continental flood basalt province in southwest China and early Permian Tarim traps in SW Chi- na. Data of various disciplines are evaluated by comparing observation against prediction of the plume hypothesis. It is shown that 7 out of 9 most convincing arguments in support of mantle plumes are met in the Emeishan LIP. In particular, sedimentologic data show unequivocal evidence for a lithospheric doming event prior to the Emeishan volcanism. These observations, the presence of high temperature magmas, emplacement of immense volume of magmas over a short time span and the spatial variation in basalt geochemistry, are all consistent with predictions of plume modeling, thus providing strong support for the validity of the mantle plume hypothesis. In the Tarim case, a two-stage dynamic model is proposed to account for the geochemical trend displayed by Tarim basalts. Finally some perspectives are made for the future studies in this field.

关 键 词：二叠纪 大火成岩省 地幔柱 峨眉山 塔里木 

分 类 号：P588.14[天文地球—岩石学]