陨石学与天体化学(2001～2010)研究进展  

Research Progress in Meteoritics and Cosmochemistry(2001-2010)

作　　者：林杨挺[1] 缪秉魁[2] 徐琳[3] 胡森[1] 冯璐[1] 赵旭晁[1] 杨晶[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所地球深部研究重点实验室,北京100029 [2]桂林理工大学地球科学学院,桂林541004 [3]中国科学院国家天文台,北京100012 [4]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所,广州510640

出　　处：《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2013年第1期40-55,共16页Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新方向性项目(KZCX2-YW-Q08);国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(40830421)

摘　　要：21世纪的第一个十年,陨石学与天体化学研究在中国迎来了一个前所未有的发展时期。在南极格罗夫山地区共开展了5次科学考察,收集到超过1万块陨石,提供了珍贵的研究样品;嫦娥工程的立项和一期工程的成功实施,是陨石学与天体化学发展的重大机遇,也是挑战;高精度原位微区分析平台建设的完成,则为地外物质样品的分析提供了关键的技术保证。更为重要的是,通过大量南极陨石的分类工作,培养和锻炼了陨石学研究的青年人才。在此基础上,通过对各化学群陨石的研究,取得了许多重要的成果,包括陨石中前太阳颗粒的发现和研究、陨石中的灭绝核素、太阳星云在不同条件下的凝聚过程、月球陨石和火星陨石的岩石学成因与同位素定年、陨石的冲击变质与高压矿物、以及中国第一个陨石坑的证实等。In the first 10 years of 21st century, meteoritics and cosmochemistry made significant progress in China. During 5 times of Chinese Antarctic Research Expeditions, more than 10 thousands of meteorites have been collect- ed from Grove Mountain areas, supplying with precious extraterrestrial samples. The study of meteoritics and cos- mochemistry has also been promoted by Chang＇e mission and the great success in the first episode of Chinese lunar exploration, and is challenged by the demands of space exploration. Various high precision and high laterial resolu- tion measurements of extraterrestrial samples are now available with a number of newly established facilities and e- quipments. Furthermore, many young researchers have been involved in cosmochemistry and trained via classifying the large number of Antarctic meteorites. By studying of various groups of meteorites, numerous discoveries have been made, inclusing presolar grains in primitive chondrites, short-lived radionuclides, condensation processes of the solar nebula under different redox conditions, petrogenesis and isotopic dating of lunar meteorites and martian meteorites, shock metamorphism and high pressure polymorphs in shocked meteorites, and confirmation of the first meteorite impact crater in China.

关 键 词：陨石 太阳系外物质 灭绝核素 太阳星云 小行星撞击 

分 类 号：P185.83[天文地球—天文学]