宁夏手足口病流行病学特征分析及相关危险因素调查  

Analysis of the epidemiological characteristics and investigation of the risk factors on hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Ningxia

作　　者：马芳[1] 丁晨哲[2] 李丽[1] 杜建才[1] 张征[1] 杨炬[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏自治区疾病预防控制中心,宁夏银川750004 [2]宁夏自治区人民医院神经外科,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《宁夏医学杂志》2013年第1期24-26,1,共3页Ningxia Medical Journal

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金资助项目(NZ09187;NZ00190)

摘　　要：目的分析2009和2010年宁夏手足口病流行特征,探索手足口病发病危险因素,总结防控经验并制定有效的预防控制措施。方法分析2年手足口病分布特征,对956例病例进行临床表现及流行因素调查。结果 2010年手足口病发病数较2009年上升62.13%,且发病高峰出现时间提前,峰值增高;2010年报告病例数增加的县区有17个,其中同心县增幅最大;发病年龄主要分布在2～4岁组,男性多于女性,以散居和托幼儿童为主;患者临床表现以手、足、口部皮疹或疱疹为主,发热组与不发热组臀部皮疹、口腔溃疡、淋巴结肿大、咳嗽、流涕、咽痛、恶心、呕吐、腹痛症状差异有统计学意义;患者有接触史占26.05%、吃生冷食品占32.64%、经常咬手指占53.66%、经常咬玩具占39.54%、经常给患儿换洗床单占39.44%。结论加强对手足口病的健康教育,提高公众对手足口病的认识,加强托幼机构晨午检制度,特别是对流动人口多的托幼机构的监管力度,才能提高手足口病防控工作的质量。Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics and to explore the risk factors of hand - foot - and - mouth dis- ease （HFMD） in Ningxia, and sum up experience and research into the effective control measures. Methods Two years of HFMD char acteristics of hand - foot - mouth cases were analyzed. The clinical manifestation and the risk factor of 956 cases were investigated. Results Comparing with 2009 ,the total cases of 2010 raised by 62.13%. The peak time of the disease was advanced and peak was heightened. The reported cases increased in 17 counties in 2010 and the Tongxin increased largest. The case mainly occurred in the age group of 2 - 4, male patients were more than female. Majority HFMD cases were scattered in kindergarten. The main clinical manifestations were hand, foot and mouth rash or herpes. The symptoms of buttocks rash, canker sores, lymph node tumescent, cough; runny symptoms, pharyngalgia, nausea, vomit and abdominal pain, there were statistical significance between fever group and nofever group. The rate of cases who had the history of close contact with patients, ate cold, often suck fingers, often suck toy, often gave children change the sheets was 26.05% ,32.64% ,53.66% ,39.54% ,39.44% ,respectively. Conclusion Strengthen the supervision of the floating popu- lation and more nurseries, in order to improve the hand, foot and mouth disease prevention and control work quality.

关 键 词：手足口病 肠道病毒 流行病学 危险因素 

分 类 号：R725.1[医药卫生—儿科] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]