基因水平上探讨尿毒症患者的致瘤因素  

Discuss the carcinogenic factors of the uremic patients in gene level

作　　者：曹景朝[1] 赵亚昆[1] 祝清国[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院泌尿外科,150080

出　　处：《国际遗传学杂志》2013年第1期32-36,共5页International Journal of Genetics

摘　　要：随着尿毒症患者数量的增加，尿毒症患者合并恶性肿瘤的发生率呈上升趋势，影响着尿毒症患者的生命安全和进一步行肾移植治疗的效果。此文通过阅读近几年来国内外最新相关文献，总结尿毒症患者与肿瘤发生相关的一些基因表达情况，发现尿毒症患者的DNA修复功能受损；原癌基因ras、c—myc基因表达上调；抑癌基因P-53表达下调，Klotho基因表达下调，其中Klotho基因被认为是一种新型抑癌基因，认为这些基因表达的异常可能与尿毒症患者肿瘤发生率较高有关。尿毒症患者容易发生肿瘤的风险早期可以在基因表达水平上表现异常，认识这些指标可以早期监测尿毒症患者发生肿瘤风险性大小的情况，以便对肾移植受体的选择起到一定的筛查作用，避免肿瘤高风险的患者进行肾移植术治疗。With increasing numbers of uremic patients being diagnosed, the number of patients diagnosed with both uremia and malignant tumors is also rising. This will have influences on the patients＇ mortality, and the therapeutic outcome of kidney transplantation. This review is to explore/summarize the carcinogenic factors within uremic patients, and to analyse the expression of the tumor-related genes in uremic patients via reading related literatures published in homeland and abroad, recent years. Among the uremic patients, regardless of dialysis treatment, we found that the function of the DNA repair is dama- ged, expression of the proto-oncogene ras and c-myc are up-regulated, and the anti-oncogene p-53 and the Klotho genes are down-regulated. Abnormal expression of these genes may be contributing to the high incidence of cancers within uremic patients. Understanding of these abnormal gene regulations may further help to estimate the risk for malignant tumors among uremic patients in the early stage , and to screen the appropriate kidney transplant recipients. On the other hand, a uremic patient at high-risk for cancer may not be a candidate for kidney transplantation.

关 键 词：尿毒症 肿瘤 基因表达 肾移植 

分 类 号：R692[医药卫生—泌尿科学]