湘南东湘桥锰矿废弃地植物资源调查与重金属富集植物筛选  

Screening for Heavy Metal Accumulator among Plant Resources in Dongxiangqiao Manganese Mine Area of Southern Hunan

作　　者：高陈玺[1] 李川[1] 彭娟[1] 苏迪[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆工商大学环境与生物工程学院,重庆400067

出　　处：《三峡环境与生态》2013年第1期15-20,24,共7页Environment and Ecology in the Three Gorges

基　　金：重庆市自然科学基金(2010BB4261);重庆市教委科学技术研究项目(KJ120720;KJ120727)

摘　　要：通过对湘南东湘桥锰矿区的植物资源进行全面调查,并对18种优势植物进行测试分析,结果表明:蓼草、商陆、白背叶、悬钩子、翅柃、柞树、算盘子、阴香对重金属有较强的耐性,其中白背叶、算盘子和商路在锰矿废弃地恢复初期大量生长且生物量较大,可作为生态恢复的先锋植物;蓼草、商陆是Mn污染土壤植物修复的理想物种。特别是蓼草,其植物地上部分Mn质量比>10000mg/kg的临界标准,叶片对Mn的富集系数达到了2.75;薯蓣是矿渣、尾矿坝等矿区废弃地水土流失严重区良好的修复植物。人工种植的经济作物辣椒和萝卜,其食用部分Pb、Cd、Cr均超标,故矿山恢复早期不宜直接种植食用经济作物。The paper conducted comprehensive investigation into phytoremediation species in Dongxiangqiao, South- ern Hunan. Besides, tests on 18 dominant plants were carried out to determine their heavy metal removal ability. The test results show that, Polygonum criopolitanum , Poheberry root, Mallotus apelta , rnayberry, Eurya alata Kobuski , oak, Puberulous Glochidion Herb, and Cinnamornurn burmannii possess strong tolerance of heavy metal. The Pokeberry root, the Mallotus apelta and the Puberulous Glochidion Herb exhibit dominant accumulation prop- erty at the early restoration period in the manganese ore area, therefore can be selected as the appropriate plants for ecological restoration. The Polygonum criopolitanum and the Pokeberry root appear to be suitable phytoremediation spe- cies for Mn polluted soil restoration. Polygonumcriopolitanurn, in particular, the manganese content of the ground part of that is greater than the critical standard of 10 000 mg/kg, while the manganese accumulation coefficient of its blade reaches 2.75. The results also show that the Chinese yam can be chosen for restoration of the serious soil erosion in the wasted land such as slag zone and tailings dam. Pb, Cd, and Cr level of the edible parts for artificial plants such as crop pepper and radish exceed critical level. Hence it is not suitable to grow crops at the early restoration period.

关 键 词：锰矿废弃地 锰富集植物 重金属 富集系数 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]