浙江西门岛海洋特别保护区大型底栖动物功能群特征及其与环境的关系  

Functional groups of marine macrobenthos in relation to environmental factors around the Ximen Island National Marine Special Reserve, Zhejiang

作　　者：廖一波[1,2] 寿鹿[2,3] 曾江宁[2] 高爱根[2] 汤雁滨[2] 严小军[1] 陈全震[2] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学海洋学院,宁波315211 [2]国家海洋局第二海洋研究所,国家海洋局海洋生态系统与生物地球化学重点实验室,杭州310012 [3]南京师范大学生命科学学院,南京210097

出　　处：《生物多样性》2013年第1期3-10,共8页Biodiversity Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划(973计划)(2010CB428903);海洋公益性行业科研专项(200905011);浙江省海水养殖重点科技创新团队(2010R50025);浙江省近岸水域生物资源开发与保护重点实验室开放基金(2010F30003)

摘　　要：为研究浙江西门岛海洋特别保护区大型底栖动物功能群的变化规律及其与环境因子的关系,作者分别于2010年4月(春季)、11月(秋季),2011年8月(夏季)和2012年2月(冬季)进行了4个航次的大型底栖动物调查,共鉴定出大型底栖动物78种,根据其食性类型划分为浮游生物食者、植食者、肉食者、杂食者、碎屑食者5种功能群。各功能群平均密度从高到低依次为浮游生物食者>肉食者>植食者>碎屑食者>杂食者,平均生物量从高到低依次为浮游生物食者>碎屑食者>肉食者>杂食者>植食者。单因素方差分析结果表明,大型底栖动物各功能群的密度和生物量季节间均无显著性差异。典范对应分析结果表明,影响大型底栖动物功能群的主要环境因子包括温度、溶解氧、溶解态无机磷和表层沉积物的中值粒径,排序轴对功能群–环境关系的贡献率计算结果表明环境变量可以较好地解释功能群的变化情况。We evaluated the seasonal change in functional groups of marine macrobenthos in relation to environmental factors in the Ximen Island National Marine Special Reserve, Zhejiang Province, in April and November of 2010, August 2011 and February 2012. We identified a total of 78 taxa （mostly to species level） and categorized these taxa by feeding strategy. Overall, we categorized these taxa into following five functional groups： planktophagous（Pl）, phytophagous（Ph）, carnivorous（C）, omnivorous（O）, and detritivorous（D）. The mean density of each functional group was ranked as PlCPhDO, and the mean biomass as PlDCOPh. Based on the results of variance analysis （one-way ANOVA）, we found no significant seasonal differences of density and biomass among functional groups. We used canonical correspondence analysis to examine relationships between environmental factors and macrobenthic functional groups. Our results imply that temperature, dissolved oxygen, dissolved inorganic phosphorus and median particle diameter were the main environmental factors correlated with macrobenthic functional groups. Results of the cumulative percentage variance in functional groups–environment relationships indicated that the changes of functional groups can be explained best by the environmental factors.

关 键 词：大型底栖动物 功能群 生物多样性 环境因子 海洋特别保护区 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]