炼油厂恶臭污染源综合监测与评价Ⅱ.污染源分级与排放评估  

COMPREHENSIVE MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT OF ODOUR EMISSION SOURCES FROM REFINERYⅡ.CLASSIFICATION OF ODOROUS SOURCES AND EMISSION ASSESSMENT

作　　者：李凌波[1] 郭兵兵[1] 刘忠生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化抚顺石油化工研究院,辽宁抚顺113001

出　　处：《石油炼制与化工》2013年第2期77-83,共7页Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals

基　　金：中国石油化工股份有限公司合同项目(307005)

摘　　要：系统地监测和评价了某典型炼油厂各类储罐排放气、污水处理场逸散气及氧化脱硫醇尾气等主要恶臭污染源,估算了臭气浓度和总烃、苯系物、臭味排放量。结果表明:上述恶臭污染源非甲烷烃、苯、甲苯和二甲苯、硫化氢、甲硫醇、乙硫醇和二甲二硫等污染物均不同程度地超过参考标准,浓度比排放量超过参考标准严重;污染物和污染源按排放量可各分为三类,一类的恶臭污染物为硫化氢,其臭味排放贡献约占67.9%;二类恶臭污染物为甲硫醇、乙硫醇、异丙硫醇、二甲二硫、甲乙二硫和二乙二硫,臭味排放贡献合计约占31.8%;三类恶臭污染物为苯系物,臭味排放贡献合计仅占0.3%。一类的恶臭污染源为酸性水罐废气,其臭味排放贡献约为57.1%;二类恶臭污染源为污水处理场、高温蜡油罐和污油罐废气,臭味排放贡献合计约占37.3%;三类恶臭污染源为碱渣罐、冷焦水罐、油品中间罐和氧化脱硫醇废气,臭味排放贡献合计约占5.6%。主要恶臭污染源总烃和苯系物排放总量分别约为261kg/h和23.8kg/h,其中污水处理场、酸性水罐及氧化脱硫醇合计约占总烃排放量的2/3,污水处理场和冷焦水罐合计约占苯系物排放量的2/3。Offensive odour emissions from various storage tanks, wastewater treatment facilities and oxidative sweetening units of a typical refinery were monitored and evaluated comprehensively. The concentration of odorous gases, the emissions of total hydrocarbons, benzene homologues （BTEX） and odour were estimated. Results show that for the above mentioned odorous sources, pollutants in the emissions including NMHC, benzene, toluene, xylene, hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, ethyl mercaptan and dimethyl disulfide are over the reference standard somewhat, and the over reference standard of concentration is more serious than that of emission rate. In this paper, odour pollutants and odour emission sources are classified into three classes based on their odour emission rates respectively. For odorous pollutants, class A is hydrogen sulfide, which occupies 67.9% of the total odour emis- sions; class B consists of methyl mereaptan, ethyl mercaptan and isopropyl mercaptan, dimethyl disulfide, methyl ethyl disulfide and diethyl disulfide, which takes 31.8%; class C is mainly BTEX, which only takes a 0.3%. For odour emission sources, sour water tanks are ascribed to class A, their emissions occupy 57. 1% of the total odour emissions; wastewater treatment facilities, high temperature wax oil tanks and waste oil tanks are belonged to class B and takes a share of 37.3% ; alkaline sludge tanks, coke quenching water tanks, intermediate tanks and oxidative sweetening units are zoned to class C, their emissions take 5.6%. The emissions of total hydrocarbons from the main odour emission sources are 261 kg]h, in which the emissions from wastewater treatment facilities, sour water tanks and oxidative sweetening units account for two-thirds. The emissions of BTEX from the main odour emission sources are 23.8 kg/h, in which the emissions from wastewater treatment facilities and coke quenching water tanks account for two-thirds.

关 键 词：炼油厂 污染源 臭味因子 挥发性硫化物 烃类 苯系物 

分 类 号：X831[环境科学与工程—环境工程]