两种水生植物对滇池草海富营养化水体水质的影响  

Water quality effects of two aquatic macrophytes on eutrophic water from Lake Dianchi Caohai

作　　者：王智[1,2] 张志勇[1] 张君倩[1] 闻学政[1] 王岩[1] 刘海琴[1] 严少华[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学研究院农业资源与环境研究所,江苏南京210014 [2]中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所,环境与灾害监测评估湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430077

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2013年第2期328-335,共8页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家“十二五”滇池水专项(2012ZX07102-004-6,2013ZX07102005)

摘　　要：通过模拟实验,比较了2种典型水生植物水葫芦和轮叶黑藻对滇池草海富营养化水体水质的影响.结果表明,在实验过程中,水葫芦同化吸收的氮、磷量分别比轮叶黑藻所同化吸收的量高109%和17%.在水生植物采收前,水葫芦处理组水体DO和pH值显著性低于对照组,电导率(EC)和氧化还原电位(Eh)显著性高于对照组,与轮叶黑藻处理组结果相反.水葫芦和轮叶黑藻处理组水体TN和TP浓度均显著低于对照组;相同初始种养量的情况下,试验初期轮叶黑藻处理组水体TN、TP及Chl-a浓度显著性低于水葫芦处理组,与试验后期结果相反.当水生植物采收后约50 d,水葫芦处理组水体TN、TP浓度均维持在采收前的低水平;轮叶黑藻处理组TN和TP浓度也维持在采收前水平,而Chl-a浓度较采收前有所上升.The water quality effects of two typical aquatic macrophytes, Eichhornia crassipes and Hydrilla verticillata, on the eutrophic water from Lake Dianchi Caohai were investigated by a series of microcosm experiments. The assimilation of nitrogen and phosphorus from microcosm by E. crassipes were 109% and 17% higher than that by H. verticillata, respectively. The leves of dissovle oxygen and pH in the E. crassipes treatments were significantly reduced, and electric conduction and redox potential were significantly increased comparing with the control. However, the results of H. verticillata treatments were opposive to E. crassipes treatments. During the experiment, the concentrations of total nitrogen （TN） and total phosphorus （TP） in treatments were significantly lower than that in control. With the same biomass of two aquatic plants used at the beginning of the experiment, the concentrations of TN, TP and chlorophyll-a （Chl-a） in H. verticillata treatments were significantly lower than that in E. crassipes treatments in the early stage of the experiment, but the results were reversed in the late stage of the experiment. After aquatic macrophytes harvest, concentrations of TN and TP could maintain the levels of which before harvest; Chl-a concentrations in E. crassipes treatments could also maintain the level of which before harvest, but in H. verticillata treatments, Chl-a concentrations showed a significant increase.

关 键 词：水葫芦 轮叶黑藻 水体修复 总氮 总磷 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]