机械通气后早产儿支气管肺发育不良的临床特点分析  

Clinical character of premature with bronchopulmonary dysplasia

作　　者：尹珊辉[1] 唐振旺[2] 殷小成[1] 刘海英[1] 

机构地区：[1]南华大学附属第一医院儿科,衡阳421001 [2]南华大学附属第一医院心血管内科,衡阳421001

出　　处：《安徽医科大学学报》2013年第3期295-297,共3页Acta Universitatis Medicinalis Anhui

基　　金：湖南省卫生厅课题基金(编号:D2012-049)

摘　　要：目的探讨早产儿支气管肺发育不良(BPD)发生率、预后、危险因素及防治措施。方法回顾性分析并对比近年来我院收治的早产BPD及非BPD患儿的临床资料。结果BPD与非BPD患儿比较,男女比率、窒息史及呼气末正压(PEEP)、平均气道压力(MAP)参数、应用肺表面活性物质(PS)等方面差异均无统计学意义;而BPD组平均胎龄、平均出生体重、胎膜早破史比例、新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(RDS)率、合并感染率、合并动脉导管未闭(PDA)率、静脉营养使用时间及住院时间均明显高于非BPD组(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示合并PDA、产后感染、通气时间及最高氧浓度为BPD发生的主要危险因素(P<0.05)。非BPD组各项随访项目均显著好于BPD组(P<0.05)。结论避免早产及低出生体重儿、尽量缩短机械通气时间及氧气吸入时间、防止及减少反复肺部感染,积极早期综合治疗是预防早产儿支气管肺发育不良的有效措施。Objective To explore the disease incidence, prognosis, high risk factor and preventive treatment countermeasures of premature with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Methods The data of premature cases were retrospectively analysed and compared in the department of paediatrics. Results There were no statistically significant differences in the rate of sex, suffocation rate, PEEP, MAP and the use of PS between two groups, while the conceptus age, mean birth weight, spremature rupture of membrane rate, RDS rate, infection rate, PDA rate, time of intravenous nutrition and in-hospital time of BPD group were significantly higher than those in none BPD group. The high risk factors involved PDA, postnatal infection, duration of ventilation and maximum oxygen concentration. The results of follow up visit of none BPD group were much better compared with BPD group（ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion Avoiding premature delivery and low birth weight infant, shortening the time of mechanical ventilation and oxygen inhalation, preventing and reducing repetitive lung infection and doing early phase comprehensive treatment are the important factors to prevent premature bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

关 键 词：BPD临床特点 高危因素 防治措施 

分 类 号：R722.6[医药卫生—儿科]