水稻亚种间杂种F_1半不育小孢子发生的细胞学观察  

Cytological Observation on Microsporogenesis of Inter-subspecific Semi-sterility Hybrids F_1 in Rice

作　　者：李万昌[1] 王静[1] 王俊伟[1] 余娇娇[1] 郭士伟[2] 

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学生命科学学院,河南新乡453007 [2]江苏省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,南京210014

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2013年第1期7-10,共4页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：河南省科技攻关资助项目(102102310318);河南省教育厅资助项目(2010A210021)

摘　　要：利用石蜡切片和染色体压片法对水稻亚种间半不育杂种F1及其亲本的小孢子母细胞减数分裂过程进行细胞学观察。结果显示:亲本及杂种F1的花药壁发育正常,但部分F1的小孢子母细胞减数分裂异常,形成不均等的二分体和异常的四分体;其染色体在中期Ⅰ分散在赤道板两旁或远离赤道板,形成单价体;在后期Ⅰ和后期Ⅱ产生大量落后染色体或染色体桥。研究表明,部分花粉母细胞减数分裂中期和后期染色体行为异常可能是造成杂种F1花粉半不育的主要原因。Cytological observation on microsporogenesis of inter-subspecific semi-sterility hybrid F1 and its parents was conducted by using technique of paraffin section and extrusion chromosomes on slides.The results indicated that the anther wall of hybrid F1 and its parents was normal.However,the meiosis of some microspore mother cells in hybrid F1 was abnormal,e.g.chromosome pairing unequally,aberrant dyad and tetrad formation.The hybrid F1 forms univalent at metaphase Ⅰ,delayed chromosomes and chromosomal bridge could be found at anaphase Ⅰ,delayed chromosome also could be found at anaphase Ⅱ.In summary,the main causes of the pollen semi-sterility of hybrid F1 might be caused by the aberrant chromosome behavior of some microspore mother cells in hybrid F1 at meiosis metaphase and anaphase.

关 键 词：水稻 亚种间杂种 细胞学 减数分裂 

分 类 号：Q944.58[生物学—植物学]