新型无卤膨胀阻燃聚丙烯的制备及阻燃性能  

Preparation and flame retardancy of intumescent flame-retardant polypropylene

作　　者：卢林刚[1] 徐晓楠[2] 王大为[3] 董希琳[1] 杨守生[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民武装警察部队学院科研部,廊坊065000 [2]中国人民武装警察部队学院消防工程系,廊坊065000 [3]中国人民武装警察部队学院研究生队,廊坊065000

出　　处：《复合材料学报》2013年第1期83-89,共7页Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金(E2012507008)

摘　　要：利用有机杂环磷酸酯1,2,3-三(5,5-二甲基-1,3-二氧杂环己内磷酸酯基)苯(FR)、聚磷酸铵(APP)和三聚氰胺(MEL)制备新型无卤三源膨胀阻燃聚丙烯(IFR/PP)材料,通过极限氧指数(LOI)、水平燃烧(UL-94)、热重分析法(TGA)、锥形量热(cone)等方法研究了IFR对聚丙烯阻燃性能影响。结果表明:当IFR总添加质量分数为30%(FR∶APP∶MEL质量比为4∶8∶3),阻燃IFR/PP的LOI达到36.2%,其热释放速率峰值(pk-HRR)、热释放速率平均值(av-HRR)、有效燃烧热平均值(av-EHC)、比消光面积平均值(av-SEA)、质量损失速率平均值(av-MLR)及一氧化碳释放率平均值(av-CO)相对未阻燃PP分别降低75.9%、71.7%、76.4%、74.6%、58.3%和50.0%,300s时CO释放量接近0,呈现出良好的阻燃、抑烟和抑毒性能;SEM研究表明,IFR催化PP在燃烧初期形成了致密、坚硬的优质炭层。Polypropylene（PP） was flame retarded with an intumescent flame retardant（1FR） system containing 1, 2, 3-tri（5, 5-dibromomethyl-1, 3-dioxaphosphorinanyl-2-oxy）benzene（FR）, polyphosphate（APP ） and melamine （MEL）. The effect of content on flame retarding properties such as limited oxygen index（LOI）measurements, thermal gravimetric analysis（TGA）, UL- 94 and cone tests was studied. The results demonstrate that IFR is effective on improving the flame retardancy of polypropylene. The limited oxygen index value could reach 36.2 ~ for the sample containing 30~ IFR（FR . APP ： MEL, 4 ： 8 ： 3, mass ratio）. The cone experimental results show that the peak heat release rate（pk-HRR）, average heat release rate（av HRR）, average effective heat of combustion （av-EHC）, average specific extinction area（av-SEA）, average mass loss rate （av- MLR） and average CO release rate（av-CO） of the PP are reduced 75.9%, 71.7%, 76.4% , 74.6%, 58.3% and 50.0% respectively than those of the pure PP. The release rate of soot and poisonous gas are reduced, which reaches to about zero at burning time of 300 s. In addition, SEM observation reveales that the IFR can promote the formation of strong charred layers in the early stage of burning of the composite.

关 键 词：膨胀阻燃剂 聚丙烯 阻燃性能 燃烧 锥形量热仪 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]