耕作施肥模式对豫中冬小麦干物质积累的影响  

Effects of Tillage and Fertilization Models on Dry Matter Accumulation of Winter Wheat in Mid Henan Province

作　　者：李春喜[1] 余海波[1] 姜丽娜[1] 赵艳岭[1] 邵云[1] 张黛静[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学生命科学学院,河南新乡453007

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2012年第9期26-30,共5页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD04B07);农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(0710201203033);河南省重大科技专项(081100110200)

摘　　要：以百农矮抗58为供试材料,于2009-2010年研究了2种耕作方式(A1:浅耕20cm;A2:深耕30cm)和3种施肥模式(B1:仅施专用复合肥750kg/hm2;B2:施专用复合肥750kg/hm2+鸡粪1 500kg/hm2;B3:施专用复合肥750kg/hm2+饼肥3 000kg/hm2)对豫中地区(漯河)小麦干物质积累和籽粒灌浆的影响。结果表明:与浅耕相比,深耕模式下小麦株高降低,后期植株地上部干物质积累量增加17.5%,籽粒干物质积累量增加5.1%,籽粒灌浆能力增强。B2施肥模式下,穗粒数为36.8粒,比B1模式增加4.9%,千粒重为53.9g,比B3模式高出3.5%,但其成穗数较低,仅为B1模式的94%,因而影响了籽粒产量的提高。A2B2模式下成熟期小麦植株干物质积累量、穗粒数及粒质量均最高,如能进一步提高其成穗数,可以作为该区适宜的耕作施肥模式。Taking ＂Bainong Aikang 58＂ as experimental material, the effects of 2 tillage methods and 3 fertilization measures on dry matter accumulation and grain filling of winter wheat were studied in Luohe Academy of Agricultural Sciences during 2009-2010. Two tillage methods were tillage depths 20 cm （A1） and 30 cm （A2）,while three fertilization treatments included 750 kg/ha com- pound fertilizer （B1）,750 kg/ha compound fertilizer plus 1 500 kg/ha chicken manure （B2）,and 750 kg/ha compound fertilizer plus 3 000 kg/ha cake fertilizer （B3）. The results showed that, un- der the deep plowing model, the plant height reduced, the dry matter accumulation of above- ground plant increased by 17.5% during latter growing stage, and the dry matter of grain in- creased by 5.1% ,indicating that the grain filling capacity was improved. Under the B2 model,the grain number was 36.8,4.9% higher than B1 model,and the 1000-grain weight was 53.9 g,3.5% higher than B3 model,but the ear number was about 94% of B1 model,which restrained the grain yield. In the present study, the dry matter accumulation of above-ground plant, grain number per ear and grain weight at mature period were all higher under AEB2 model, which would be the ap- propriate model if the ear number could be improved.

关 键 词：小麦 豫中 耕作施肥模式 干物质积累 籽粒灌浆 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]