近/超临界水条件下生物质气化的研究进展  

Progress of Near Critical and Supercritical Water Gasification of Biomass

作　　者：夏凤高[1,2] 田森林[1] 谷俊杰[1] 宁平[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院,昆明650093 [2]昭通市环境监测站,云南昭通657000

出　　处：《化学通报》2013年第2期118-123,共6页Chemistry

基　　金：教育部博士点基金(20105314110009)资助

摘　　要：回顾了近/超临界水条件下生物质气化的研究进展。由于超临界水的特殊性能,同其他热化学气化相比,湿生物质不必干燥就可以直接与超临界水作用,生成的气体产物主要是H2、CO2、CO、CH4以及少量的C2H4和C2H6。讨论了温度、压力、停留时间、生物质浓度等影响因素对超临界水生物质气化的影响。高温、低生物质浓度有利于气化反应进行;与温度相比,压力对反应的影响要小得多。产气量随着停留时间或反应时间的增加而增加,到一定值后保持不变。催化剂和盐类的加入有利于气化,而酚类、蛋白质、氨基酸、硫对反应有抑制作用。文中,针对近临界和超临界水的特点,提出先对生物质进行近临界水气化,再进行超临界水气化,实现生物质高效气化的研究思路。The progress relating to the near critical and supercritical water gasification of hiomass was reviewed. Comparison with other biomass thermochemical gasification, the supercritical water gasification can directly deal with the wet biomass without drying. The product gas is composed of H2 , CO2 , CO, CH4 and a small amount of C2H4 and C2H6. The factors influencing biomass gasification include temperature, pressure, resident time, concentration of biomass, etc. Gasification of biomass is in favor of high temperature and low concentration, while the effect of pressure is less obvious than that of temperature. The yield of gas increases as the resident time or reaction time increased and becomes constant while the resident time or reaction time reaches a certain value. Catalyst and salts have a positive impact on for the gasification, and phenols, protein and amino acid have an inhabiting effect on the gasification. In order to realize the efficient gasification of biomass, the idea that biomass gasification was carried out in near critical water first and then in supercritical water was put forward on account of the properties of the near critical and supercritical water.

关 键 词：近 超临界水 生物质 气化 

分 类 号：TQ511[化学工程]