对物流几个基本概念问题的认识  

Several Issues about the Basic Concepts of Logistics

作　　者：张志勇[1] 刘心报[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京物资学院北京现代物流研究基地,北京市101149 [2]合肥工业大学管理学院,安徽合肥230009

出　　处：《中国流通经济》2013年第2期39-45,共7页China Business and Market

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"供方管理库存中的群体协作模式与集结方法研究"(项目编号:70772029);北京市教委重点项目"集团型企业物流资源配置方法研究"(项目编号:SZ 201010037015)的部分研究成果

摘　　要：目前,学术界对物流基本概念的科学认识和准确界定问题还没有完全解决。对物流及物流系统等基本概念进行认真梳理与科学界定,具有非常重要的理论价值和现实紧迫性。文章从物流概念的演变、物流与物流系统的定义、物流学科的产生、物流与商流的关系等几个方面入手,解析物流相关基本概念问题。一是将物质实体的宏观位置移动现象划分为自然运动、机械运转、经济运移等三种基本类型,并由此界定物流学科的研究范围,分析物流概念内涵的形成与发展演变过程;二是给出物流与物流系统的新定义,剖析物流概念的社会经济、物品实体、主观目的、运作可控、综合集成等五大基本特性,总结物流系统八大基本要素与四大子系统的基本结构;三是探讨物流学科产生的根本动力、历史必然性和现实条件;四是梳理"生产—流通—消费—回收"这一社会大商流过程与"企业—社会—生活—逆向"这一社会大物流过程的相互支撑关系。To date, we have not had a scientific understanding and correct definition about the basic concepts of logistics. So it is of great theoretical significance for us to give a scientific definition to the basic concepts of logistics and logistics system. The authors analyze the related definition of logistics in terms of the evolution of logistics concept, the definition of logistics and logistic system, the emerging of the science of logistics and the relation between logistics and the flow of trade. First, the macro movement of physical objects can be divided into natural movement, organizational operation and economic migration; and based on these three types of movement, the research domain of logistics is defined and the evolution of logistics concept is analyzed. Second, the new definitions of logistics and logistics system are put forward; the five basic characteristics of the new definition of logistics, such as the social economy, physical goods, subjective purposes, controllable operation and comprehensive integration, are analyzed： and the structure of a basic logistics system which consists of eight elements and four subsystems is put forward. Third, the basic drive, the inevitability and the conditions of the development of logistics are analyzed. Fourth, the mutual support relations between the social trade flow process of ＂Production-Circulation- Consumption-Recovery＂ and the social logistics process of ＂Enterprise-Social-Life-Reverse＂ is analyzed.

关 键 词：物流 物流系统 物流学科 商流 

分 类 号：F250[经济管理—国民经济]