一种观测我国海岸线和近海的小卫星编队飞行方案  

Small Satellite Formation Flying for China's Coastline and Near Sea

作　　者：林来兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京控制工程研究所,北京100190

出　　处：《航天器工程》2013年第1期10-14,共5页Spacecraft Engineering

摘　　要：采用小卫星沿航向编队飞行方案,对我国海岸线和近海500多万平方千米面积每相隔几小时就能观测一次,若需要针对关键地区,则采用无人机进行更详细、更精确的观测。目前无人机先进遥感器成像分辨率为几厘米,续航时间几十小时。卫星和无人机结合可完全满足所有突发事件观测的要求。文中首先论述对海岸线和近海观测的时间和空间分辨率要求;其次讨论小卫星沿航向编队飞行的轨道设计,以及重访时间为几小时观测系统的实现途径。文章仅提供一个新方案设想,但采用这种1天回归轨道卫星沿航向编队飞行的方法,对其他地区提高观测时间分辨率也有普遍的应用意义。By using small satellite formation flying along the course, the observation of the more than 5 million square kilometers of Chinese coastline and near sea can be made every a few hours. For the key areas, it is possible to use unmanned aerial vehicles（UAV） to carry out more detailed and accurate obser- vation. Currently, UAV ＇s flight endurance is dozens of hours and its advanced remote sensor has a reso- lution of a few centimeters. A combination of satellite and UAV can meet the observation requirements of all emergencies. This paper first studies the spatial and temporal resolutions of the coastline and near sea observation requirements. Secondly, it discusses the orbit design of small satellites formation flying along the course as well the approach to fulfill the observation system with a few hour revisit time. This article advances a new scheme envisage not a specific scheme design, but the one day regression orbit satellite formation flying along the course can be used to improve time resolution of observation （shorter revisit time） of other areas.

关 键 词：小卫星 编队飞行 观测 海岸线与近海 重访时间 

分 类 号：V474[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]