云南苍山火烧迹地不同恢复期地表蜘蛛群落多样性  

Diversity of ground-dwelling spider community in different restoring times of post-fire forest,Cangshan Mountain,Yunnan Province

作　　者：马艳滟[1] 李巧[1] 冯萍[1] 杨自忠[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学云南省森林灾害预警与控制重点实验室,昆明650224 [2]大理学院农学与生物科学学院,大理671003

出　　处：《生态学报》2013年第3期964-974,共11页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31060070);中国博士后科学基金项目(20090450677);云南省森林灾害预警与控制重点实验室开放基金资助项目(ZK11B301);云南省科技厅应用基础研究面上项目(2009CD092);云南省重点学科森林保护建设经费(XKZ200905)

摘　　要：为了解云南苍山针阔混交林火烧迹地恢复过程地表蜘蛛群落多样性变化,于2009年1月份—2009年12月份,运用陷阱法,以"空间序列代替时间序列",调查了苍山森林火干扰后不同恢复期样地(火干扰后2、10、18、23、33a和对照样地)地表蜘蛛多样性。研究结果表明,(1)物种组成及相对多度:不同恢复期随着恢复时间的增加优势类群更替趋势明显;(2)多样性:恢复10a样地地表蜘蛛群落多度显著大于其他恢复期(P<0.05),而不同恢复期地表蜘蛛物种多样性却没有显著差异;(3)群落相似性:PCoA相似性分析将地表蜘蛛群落发展过程划分为火烧后2a、火烧后10a和火烧后18—33a 3个阶段;(4)指示物种:西菱头蛛Sibianor sp.1等是阶段1的指示物种,格氏狼蛛Lycosa grahami等是阶段2的指示物种,花蟹蛛Xysticus sp.2等是阶段3的指示物种,弱蛛Leptoneta sp.1等是对照的指示物种。火干扰改变了苍山针阔混交林原有的地表蜘蛛群落多样性;指示物种对生境的选择能够反映出不同恢复阶段地表环境变化;5个不同恢复时期火烧迹地中恢复最久的火烧迹地地表蜘蛛群落仍没有完成恢复,说明云南苍山火迹地地表蜘蛛的恢复需要30a以上。We investigated dynamics of ground-dwelling spider diversity after fire in mixed broadleaf-conifer forest in Cangshan Mountain, Yunnan Province. Sampling of ground-dwelling spider diversity was carried out 18, 23 and 33 years after fire, and one unburned site） from January 2009 to December 2009, based substitution＇ sampling by pitfall trap. We found that （ 1 ） species composition and relative abundance across the six different fire succession sites; （2） the abundance of ground significantly higher than other sites, and there was no significant difference ground-dwelling spider community succession could be divided into 3 stages after fire, 18-33 years after fire; （4） Indicator Species Analysis base on R in six sites （2, 10, on a ＇ space-for-time changed dramatically -dwelling spider in the 10 year site times was in species richness among the six sites; （3） by PCoA analysis language package ： 2 years after fire, 10 years labdsv＇ show： Sibianor sp. 1 et al. was the indicator of first stage, Lycosa graham et al. was the indicator of second stage, Xysticus sp. 2 et al. was the indicator of third stage, Leptoneta sp. 1 et al. was the indicator of control. Fire disturbance and subsequent succession changed the ground-dwelling spider community. The habitat selection of indicator could indicate the variability of different restorations post-fire forest. The ground spider community in the oldest of the burned sited does not yet resemble thecommunity in the unburned site indicating that the restoration of the ground spider community for Cangshan Mountain takes longer than three decades

关 键 词：针阔混交林 地表蜘蛛 火干扰 生物多样性 指示物种 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]