先天性残疾发生的环境危险因素分析  

Analysis on environmental risk factors of congenital disabilities

作　　者：冯善伟[1] 宋新明[2] 

机构地区：[1]广州市人口和计划生育科学研究所 [2]北京大学人口研究所,北京100871

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2013年第6期988-990,共3页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：国家十一五科技支撑计划〔2006BA I05A02〕;国家社科基金重大项目〔09&ZD072〕

摘　　要：目的:分析先天性残疾发生的主要环境危险因素。方法:以2008～2009年广州市410例申请再生育家庭的先天性残疾患儿的母亲为研究对象,对其进行回顾性问卷调查,采用病例对照方法研究先天性残疾发生的环境危险因素。结果:410例患儿中孤独症、精神发育迟滞、脑性瘫痪、先天性心脏病、耳聋及21-三体综合征等占患儿总数的62.68%,环境因素暴露是先天性疾病的重要危险因素,主要有孕期患有疾病、孕早期服药和工作生活环境接触有毒物质。结论:孕期环境因素暴露是先天性残疾发生的重要危险因素,因此在产前保健中加强健康教育,增强孕妇自我保健意识降低先天残疾发生。Objective： To analyze the main environmental risk factors of congenital disabilities. Methods： Four hundred and ten mothers whose children had congenital disabilities in Guangzhou city from 2008 to 2009 were selected as study objects, then retrospective in- vestigation questionnaire was performed, a case - control method was used to research the environmental risk factors of congenital disabilities. Results： Among 410 children, the proportion of children with autism, mental retardation, cerebral palsy, congenital heart dis- ease, deafness, and trisomy 21 accounted for 62. 68%, environmental factors were important risk factors of congenital disabilities, mainly in- eluding diseases during pregnancy, taking medicine during the first trimester of pregnancy, and exposure to toxic substance during work and life. Conclusion： Gestational environmental factors are important risk factors of congenital disabilities, thus, to reduce the occurrence of congenital disabilities, health education during prenatal health care and consciousness of maternal self - health care should be strengthened.

关 键 词：先天性残疾 危险因素 环境暴露 

分 类 号：R17[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]