物理化学的奇才、饱受争议的人物:德拜  

The Wizard of Physical Chemistry: Debye

作　　者：白欣[1] 翟立鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学物理系科技史研究室,北京100048

出　　处：《自然辩证法通讯》2013年第1期94-101,128,共8页Journal of Dialectics of Nature

摘　　要：彼得·约瑟夫·威廉·德拜(1884-1966),近代著名物理化学家,荣获1936年诺贝尔化学奖。他定义了分子偶极距、建立德拜模型、提出溶液的德拜-休克尔理论并提出用X射线粉末照相测定晶体结构的方法,被以他的名字命名了"德拜长度""、德拜温度"和偶极距的单位。同时,在与德国纳粹的关系上,德拜又饱受争议。Peter Joseph William Debye (1884-1966) is a famous physical chemist, who won The Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1936. He defined the molecular dipole moment, established the Debye model, proposed the Debye-Xu Kerr Theory and advised the photographic method of measuring the crystal structure by using the X-ray powder. He has published many papers and several technical terms have been named after him, such as the 'Debye length', 'Debye temperature' and the unit of dipole moment. Debye is a very important person in both physics and chemistry, but researches on him are not deep enough in our country. This paper is written in commemoration of this outstanding physical chemist.

关 键 词：德拜 物理化学 诺贝尔奖 

分 类 号：N0[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]