明代《大河外科》中赤疔及其治疗药物马蹄香考  

Textual Research on Chiding Disease and Matixiang Herb in Da he wai ke （ External Medicine of Da He ）.

作　　者：蒲小兰[1] 张毅[2] 杨文宇[3] 吴亚梅[2] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西第四院皮肤科,成都610041 [2]四川省中医药科学院,成都610041 [3]西华大学生物工程学院,成都610039

出　　处：《中华医史杂志》2012年第6期345-353,共9页Chinese Journal of Medical History

基　　金：国家中医药管理局中医药古籍保护与利用能力建设项目（2010GJ09）

摘　　要：明代珍本医籍《大河外科》中所载赤疔为一急重病症，不易治疗，在现代中医学中无对应病名，少数医籍认为其为红丝疔的别名。《大河外科》用马蹄香治疗，可药到病除，堪称“绝品”；《疮疡经验全书》亦谓其“服之立愈”。经过深入考察发现：①赤疗首载于《中藏经》；②宋、元、清代医籍中较少提到赤疔，只有明代文献对该病有较多记载；③心疔、火焰疔是赤疔的异名；④经对比分析赤疔与红丝疔的病因、病位、症状、病势和病图，证明二者为不同的疾病；⑤赤疔生于舌者，属于现代中医学舌疔（或舌下疔疮）范畴，属于西医学舌深部间隙感染（舌弥漫性间质性蜂窝织炎）范畴；赤疗生于手足等部位者，属于现代中医学手足部疔疮范畴，属于西医学疖（急性化脓性毛囊及毛囊周围炎症）的范畴；⑥《大河外科》中治疗赤疔的马蹄香可能是马兜铃科植物杜衡Asarum forbesii Maxim．、小叶马蹄香A．ichangense C．Y．ChengetC．S．Yang或败酱科植物蜘蛛香Valeriana jatamansi Jones．。Recorded in Da he wai ke （ The External Medicine of Da He） in the Ming dynasty with- out a corresponding disease title in contemporary scholarly concepts of Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM）, Chiding disease was described as an acute symptomatic disease with inevitable serious conditions of convulsion - like or mania - like behavior, and as a refractory ailment. It was also considered as an alias of Hongsiding （namely the acute lymphangitis） in few ancient books. Matixiang, a Chinese herb for treat- ment of Chiding, was regarded as a nonsueh drug by Da he wai ke, and was considered as a take - then - cure drug by Chuang yang ring yah quan shu （ Compendium for Experience in Sores Diseases ）. The present studies about Chiding and Matixiang show that： （ 1 ） the name of Chiding was first seen in Zhong zangfing （Master Hua＇s Classic of the Viscera） ; （2） Chiding was rarely mentioned in medical literature of the Song, ~uan and Qing Dynasty, but mostly seen in the Ming Dynasty; （3） Xinding and Huoyanding were found as synonyms of Chiding; （4） the distinction between Chiding and Hongsiding （flaming sore） was revealed by comparison analysis of their etiology, affected part（ s）, symptoms, prognosis and syndromic pictures; （5） Chiding on the tongue is the same as ＂Tongue Ding＂ or ＂Sublingual Ding＂ in contemporary TCM and as ＂Sublingual Space Infection＂ in Western Medicine. Moreover, Chiding on the hands, feet or other skin parts could be classified as ＂Hands/Feet Ding＂ in contemporary TCM and as ＂Furuncle＂ （ i. e. , Acute Suppurative Folliculitis and Perifolliculitis or cellulites of the tongue） in Western Medicine; （6） Matixiang is probably deduced as Asarumforbesii Maxim. , A. ichangense C. Y. Cheng et C. S. Yang, family Aris- tolochiaceae, or Valeriana jatamansi Jones. , family Valerianaceae.

关 键 词：大河外科 赤疗 马蹄香 

分 类 号：R2[医药卫生—中医学]