气候变化及人类活动对灞河源流区径流的影响  

Impact of climate variation and human activities on runoff in the source area of Bahe River basin

作　　者：王战平[1,2] 沈冰[1] 吕继强[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710048 [2]西安浐灞生态区管理委员会,陕西西安710024

出　　处：《水资源与水工程学报》2012年第6期97-99,共3页Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(50939004);中央财政支持地方高校发展专项资金特色重点学科项目(106-5X1205)

摘　　要：灞河是西安市主要水源地之一,对于改善城市生态环境和维持快速发展具有重要作用。近年来,气候变化和不断加强的水资源开发利用活动,已经引起生态环境问题。根据灞河流域1966-1975及1991-2000年6个观测站的降雨、径流资料,并结合ARCGIS流域地形及水系提取结果,定量分析了气候变化、人类活动对流域径流的影响。结果表明:灞河上游水资源开发利用强度不大,径流变化受人类活动影响比例54.6%,气候变化因素影响45.4%;气候变化对降水空间分布、年内变化影响较大,降雨分配年内和空间分布更加集中。As one of the important water supply areas of Xi＇an city,the Bahe river plays an important role in maintaining urban development and ecological health.In the past few decades,the decreasing runoff of the Baihe river basin associated with climate variation and human activities had caused a series of water and eco-environmental problems.The paper quantify the impacts of climate variation and human activities on stream runoff in the source area of the Bahe river,based on analysis of hydrologic changes of the upper Bahe river basin from 1966 to 1975 and from 1991 to 2000.It use tessellation polygon analysis,inverse distance weighting（IDW） interpolation method and rainfall-runoff modeling method to distinguish the effects of climate variation and human activities.The quantification results indicate that climate variations account for 45.4%of decrease to the stream flow,while human activities account for 54.6%.Therefore,human activities and climate variations play an equal impacts on the decline of the stream runoff in the source area of the Bahe river.Climate variations play a domain impact on the temporal and spatial distribution of precipitation,which may cause more concentrated and stronger raining.

关 键 词：水文及水资源 气候变化 人类活动 灞河流域 

分 类 号：TV121.2[水利工程—水文学及水资源]