大尺寸纳米铜和银的制备及其微观缺陷与力学性能  

Synthesis, microdefects and mechanical properties of large bulk nanocrystalline silver and copper

作　　者：周宇松[1] 吴希俊[1] 许国良[1] 李冰寒 张鸿飞 杜黎光 李宗全[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学材料科学与工程系

出　　处：《中国有色金属学报》2000年第4期465-469,共5页The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金!资助项目 ( 5 943 10 2 2 );教育部博士学科点科研基金! ( 980 3 3 5 3 8)

摘　　要：用惰性气体冷凝和真空原位温压方法成功地制备了大尺寸具有清洁界面的纳米铜和银块材。其尺寸分别为d80mm× 5mm和d80mm× 7.8mm ,平均晶粒度为 36nm和 5 2nm ,相对密度为 94.3%和 97%。纳米铜的微空隙尺寸稍大 ,但数量较少 ;纳米银的微孔隙孔径为 16 .5～ 18nm ,数量极少。纳米铜和银的显微硬度分别是多晶粗晶铜和银的 6倍和 2倍。纳米铜的弹性模量、屈服强度、断裂强度和延伸率分别为多晶粗晶铜的 0 .6 5 ,1.42 ,1.82和 0 .15倍。The large disk shaped bulk nanocrystalline copper ( n Cu) and silver ( n Ag), with diameter of 80 mm, thickness of 5 mm and 7.8 mm, as well as average grain size of 36 nm and 52 nm, respectively, were successfully synthesized by an inert gas condensation and in situ warm compacting technique. The relative densities of n Cu and n Ag are 94.3% and 97%, respectively. The size and amount of the vacancies and microvoids in n Cu are similar to those of other nanocrystalline materials (nono Fe, and -TiO 2) prepared by inert gas condensation and in situ compaction technique. However, the size of microvoids in n Cu is larger than that of nano Fe, and TiO 2, but the amount of them is quite less than that of nano Fe, and TiO 2. The size of pores in n Ag is in the range of 16.5～18 nm, but the amount of them is quite small. The microhardnesses of n Cu and n Ag are 6 and 2 times of that of coarse grained polycrystalline metals copper ( p Cu) and silver ( p Ag). The elastic modulus, tensile yield stress, fracture stress, and elongation of n Cu are 0.65, 1.42, 1.82 and 0.15 times of that of p Cu, respectively.

关 键 词：大尺寸 微空隙 力学性能 纳米铜 纳米银 制备 

分 类 号：TB383[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TG146.11[金属学及工艺—金属材料]