甘薯不同时期干物质积累及光合特性研究  被引量:9

Dry matter accumulation and photosynthetic characteristics of sweet potato at different growth stages

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作  者:黄咏梅[1] 李彦青[1] 吴翠荣[1] 李慧峰[1] 陈天渊[1] 卢森权[1] 

机构地区:[1]广西农业科学院玉米研究所,南宁530227

出  处:《南方农业学报》2012年第9期1287-1290,共4页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基  金:国家甘薯产业技术体系南宁综合试验站资助项目(CARS-C-19);广西青年科学基金项目(桂科青0991070);广西农业科学院重点项目(桂农科2011YZ205);广西农业科学院科技发展基金项目(桂农科2011JM03)

摘  要:【目的】了解具有不同产量潜力及不同干物率的甘薯品种光合特性的差异,为其在生产中的利用提供参考依据。【方法】以不同淀粉型甘薯品种桂粉2号和本地薯为材料,研究其不同时期块根干物率、叶片光合作用及收获时鲜薯、薯干产量。【结果】高淀粉甘薯品种桂粉2号在生育期77~107d期间干物率呈上升趋势,107d后其增长缓慢并保持在一定水平上;而低淀粉品种本地薯在整个生育期中其干物率增长均较缓慢,变化较平稳。桂粉2号和本地薯的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度在36~77d内呈不断增加趋势,77d后明显下降,而胞间CO2浓度在36~60d内呈增加趋势,60d后呈下降趋势。不同时期高淀粉品种桂粉2号的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度和胞间CO2浓度均高于本地薯。【结论】高淀粉型甘薯品种桂粉2号的鲜薯产量虽然低于低淀粉型品种本地薯,但其干物率、薯干产量和光合能力均高于本地薯。本地薯的光合速率变化由气孔限制因素引起,桂粉2号光合速率变化由气孔限制因素和非气孔限制因素共同作用引起。[Objective]The photosynthetic characteristics of sweet potato with different dry matter rate and sweet potato's yield potential at different growth stages were studied in order to provide references for improving sweet potato production.[Method]Two sweet potato varieties,Guifen 2 and Bendishu,were used to test the dry matter rate of their corresponding root tuber,leaf photosynthesis,freshness,and dry potato yield.[Result]Dry matter rate of Guifen 2 with high starch content increased during the growth period of 77-107 days,and then it decelerated a bit and kept the same a certain level after 107 days.Dry matter rate of Bendishu with low starch content gradually increased with only a little variation during the entire growth period.During the growth period of 36-77 d,the net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,and stomatal conductance of the two cultivars grew constantly;but after 77 d,they all decreased substantially.Intercellular CO2 concentration accelerated during the growth period of 36-60 d,then descended after 60 d.At different growth stages,four indicators viz.,net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,stomatal conductance,and intercellular CO2 concentration in Guifen 2 with high starch content were higher than those of Bendishu.[Conclusion]High starch content type sweet potato Guifen 2 produced less fresh potato than low starch content type sweet potato Bendishu,while dry matter rate,dry potato yield,and photosynthetic ability of Guifen 2 were higher than those of Bendishu.Photosynthetic rate change of Bendishu was caused by stomatal limitations,whereas that of Guifen 2 was caused by stomatal and non-stomatal limitations.

关 键 词:甘薯 干物率 光合特性 产量 

分 类 号:S531.01[农业科学—作物学]

 

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