高炉炼铁降低CO_2排放的潜力  

Hot metal production in the blast furnace:potentials to reduce CO_2 emission

作　　者：Peter Schmoele Bernd Korthas Hans Bodo Luengen 徐万仁 

机构地区：[1]蒂森克虏伯钢公司欧洲分公司 [2]德国钢铁协会

出　　处：《世界钢铁》2013年第1期1-7,共7页World Iron & Steel

摘　　要：在多方努力减少温室气体排放以及欧盟加紧实施CO2排放贸易的大背景下,高炉工艺也开始重新考虑减少CO2排放的可能性。由蒂森克虏伯钢公司开发的高炉平衡模型可提供减少还原剂加入量,即减少CO2排放量的方法。与实际生产高炉作对比,对"理想"高炉进行了计算。"理想"高炉中浮氏体还原动力学的"理想操作点",直接取决于贝-波反应平衡曲线,可在远离平衡位置的低温下实现。统计分析发现,"理想高炉"的燃料比只比德国高炉目前的平均燃料比低5%。高炉中加入预还原炉料,如热压铁块(HBI),对降低还原剂消耗和高炉过程的CO2排放都起有利作用。为了评估减少还原剂消耗和CO2排放的潜力,应用平衡模型对与传统高炉不同的两种新的高炉工艺进行了评价。这两种新流程是无氮高炉和等离子加热高炉,其共同特点是都配有从炉顶煤气中脱除CO2的装置,这两种新工艺虽然降低了还原剂消耗量,但都需要消耗更多的电能,特别是等离子加热高炉工艺。Against the backdrop of current efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and the imminent launch of CO2 emission trading schemes within the EU, the blast furnace process too has therefore come under review regarding existing COz emission reduction potentials. Possible options for reducing the reductant input and hence, CO2 emissions were evaluated by means of a blast furnace balance model developed by ThyssenKrupp Steel AG. The calculations examined an ＂ideal＂ blast furnace as compared with its real-life industrial counterparts. In this ideal blast furnace, the kinetically unrealistic ＂ideal operating point＂ for the wustite reduction lies directly on the equilibrium curve of the Baur-Glaessner diagram, apart from being achieved at a lower reaction temperature. It emerged from the calculations that the reductant rate of the ＂ideal blast furnace＂ is only 5% below the average obtained with blast furnaces currently operating in Germany. The charge of prereduced materials like hot briquetted iron （HBI） to the blast furnace causes some positive effects on the consumption of reducing agents and therefore on the CO2 emissions coming from the blast furnace process. To assess the possible reduction potentials for reducing agent consumption and CO2 emissions, two alternative variants of the blast furnace process were evaluated against the ＂conventional＂ blast furnace using the balance model. The alternatives considered were the nitrogen-free blast furnace and the plasma-heated blast furnace. A characteristic feature of both variants is that each involves the removal of CO2 from a portion of the blast furnace top gas. Both process variants bring down the consumption of reductants but require a substantially higher input of electrical energy, especially in the case of the plasmaheated process.

关 键 词：传统高炉 等离子 无氮 热压铁块 CO2排放量 

分 类 号：TF5[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]