从传统理论体系到创新理论思维——以含油气盆地研究和烃源岩生烃理论为例  

From Traditional Theory System to Innovative Theory Thinking——Taking Petroliferous Basin Research and Hydrocarbon Generation Theory of Source Rock as Example

作　　者：关德范[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化石油勘探开发研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《中外能源》2013年第2期8-16,共9页Sino-Global Energy

摘　　要：创新理论思维是产生创新理论的基础和前提,而创新理论是相对传统理论体系而言的,创新理论的形成其实就是从传统理论体系到创新理论思维的研究过程。例如目前在含油气盆地研究方面有两种思维方法:一种是传统大地构造理论体系,其研究内容主要是形态描述和成因分析,沉积盆地与油气富集的关系则主要通过含油气盆地类型与油气富集程度之间的统计数据来说明,这既误导了油气勘探的目标和方向,也误导了含油气盆地的研究方向;另一种是石油地质理论思维方法,它认为一个沉积盆地能否成为含油气盆地以及油气是否丰富,主要取决于盆地整体沉降阶段能否沉积完整的生、储、盖层及上覆岩层,特别是能否发育一套优质烃源岩并经热演化实现成烃过程,含油气盆地的研究内容主要是盆地发育史和石油地质演化史。在烃源岩生烃理论研究方面也有两种不同的思维方法:一种是干酪根热降解晚期生烃学说,它实际上是油页岩热解生成页岩油的翻版,其热降解模拟结果存在明显的理论脱离实际的问题,以生油岩的生油潜量代替实际生油量,导致用成因法计算的石油资源量存在概念性错误;针对该学说存在的问题,提出了烃源岩有限空间生烃理论思维的新概念,烃源岩在成岩演化和有机物热演化过程中,提供有机物热降解反应以及容纳生成石油的只能是烃源岩此阶段的孔隙空间,它是有限的,而且随着埋深的增加而减小。Innovative theory thinking is the foundation and precondition of innovation theory.The forming of the innovative theory is a research progress from the traditional theory system to innovative theory thinking,relative to the traditional theory system.For example,there are two ideologies on petroliferous basin research.One is the traditional geotectonics theory system whose main research focuses on conformation description and genesis analysis,thus the relationship between sedimentary basin and hydrocarbon enrichment is known by statistic data between the type of the petroliferous basins and degree of hydrocarbon enrichment,which will mislead not only the target and direction of oil and gas exploration but also research direction of the petroliferous basins.The other is oil geology theory thinking：whether one sedimentary basin may be petroliferous basin and have rich oil and gas or not,it depends on if entire source-reservoir-cap rocks and overlying rocks are deposited at the stage of entire basin subsidence,especially if a set of high quality source rocks is developed and hydrocarbon is generated through thermal evolution;and the main research content of the petroliferous basin is basin development history and oil geology evolution history.There are two ideologies on hydrocarbon generation theory research of the source rocks,too.One is late hydrocarbon generation theory of kerogen thermal degradation,which is the copy of shale oil generation through oil shale pyrolysis.Its thermal degradation simulation result has obvious problem of the theory being separated from practice,that is to say,actual quality of source is replaced by genetic potential of source rocks that will results in concept mistake on oil resources quality calculated by genetic method.In order to solve the problem,new concept of hydrocarbon generation theory thinking of source rocks at limited space.That is to say,only pore space of the source rocks can provide thermal degradation reaction of the organic matter and contain generated oil during the

关 键 词：创新理论思维 含油气盆地 油气富集 石油地质理论 优质烃源岩 生烃理论 热降解模拟 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]