包晶凝固及其新认识  

Peritectic Solidification and Its New Understandings

作　　者：祖方遒[1] 席赟[1] 李小蕴[1] 

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学材料科学与工程学院,金属液/固加工研究所,安徽合肥230009

出　　处：《铸造》2013年第2期91-95,共5页Foundry

摘　　要：包晶凝固是一个十分重要的相变过程,但实际合金的包晶凝固并非像传统教科书上所介绍的平衡凝固方式"固相+液相→新的固相"这样简单。包晶凝固常常进行得不完全,也可能存在"液相→固相"的直接凝固;另一方面,由于包晶凝固中初生与包晶两相生长过程中可发生相竞争,还可能出现类似于共晶凝固的两相偶合共生组织,也可能出现两相分层组织或其中一相成为岛状组织等复杂情况。文中从包晶凝固的一般过程出发,结合近年来该领域的研究新进展,对偏离平衡包晶凝固的相关现象进行描述和原理分析,并对其影响因素和作用规律做简要介绍。Peritectic solidification is quite an important phase transition process. However, the pattern of practical peritectic transitions of alloys is not simply the same as that of equilibrium solidification. Usually, peritectic solidification can not transform completely, and there is the possibility of a direct transition from liquid phase to peritectic phase under some conditions. On the other hand, due to the competition of the primary and peritectic phases, a variety of complex solidification microstructures can form, such as the lamellar or fibrous longitudinal coupled （similar to eutectic coupled growth） , lateral banded and island banding microstructures. Starting with the general peritectic solidification process, this article demonstrates the phenomena deviating from the peritectic equilibrium process, and summarizes briefly their principles and affectin~ rules.

关 键 词：包晶凝固 非平衡组织 相竞争 共生生长 分层组织 

分 类 号：TG111.4[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]