艾滋病高效抗逆转录病毒药物常见毒副作用  

Side effects and treating experience of highly active antiretroviral drugs for AIDS

作　　者：潘珂君[1] 沙尼亚.尼亚孜 买买提艾力.吾布力 张跃新[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学第一附属医院感染性疾病中心,乌鲁木齐830054

出　　处：《新疆医科大学学报》2013年第1期66-69,共4页Journal of Xinjiang Medical University

基　　金：国家十一五重大专项基金(2009ZX10001-019)

摘　　要：目的探讨艾滋病高效抗逆转录病毒药物治疗过程中毒副反应出现的情况。方法选择233例接受国家免费抗病毒治疗的艾滋病患者,分析其在服用高效抗逆转录病毒药物治疗后,在不同时间段内出现的各种抗病毒药物的毒副反应,包括出现的毒副作用的种类及处理方式和处理结果等。结果 233例患者中有79例(33.91%)出现药物毒副作用,出现时间在开始服药到4w,平均持续时间为2w,主要以胃肠道反应为主,有48例(60.75%)出现恶心、呕吐等不适,含奈韦拉平治疗组合的患者共257例,出现相关皮疹有10例(3.90%);含依非韦伦治疗组合的患者共78例,出现头晕的有6例(7.69%),失眠、多梦1例(1.28%);其他毒副作用包括骨髓抑制、末梢神经炎、脂肪重分布、胰腺炎、乳酸酸中毒、肝功能损害均有发生。结论抗病毒治疗在治疗早期常见轻度的毒副作用,随着治疗疗程的延长和及时的处理可以明显改善。对在长期服用药物过程中出现的较为严重的毒副作用,需要及时发现并纠正,以提高患者依从性,提高生活质量。Objective To Investigate the occurrence of side effects in AIDS using anti-viral treatment. Methods Summarized the side effects and process of 233 AIDS patients treatment by the national free Highly active anti-retroviral drugs. Sorts of antiviral drugs＇ side effects appear in different periods. Including the species, processing, and results. Results Seventy nine patients （33.91%） had the side effects in 233 patients, appeared in the beginning 4 weeks, the average duration of two weeks, mainly gastrointestinal reactions, and other side effects also happened. NVP related rash in 10 cases （3.9%）,EFV appeared dizziness in 6 cases （7.7%）,Insomnia and dream in 1 case （1.3%）. Other side effects included marrow suppression, peripheral neuritis, fat weight distribution, pancreatitis, lactic acidosis, liver function dam age. Conclusion Antiviral therapy cause mild-side effects in the beginning, mainly gastrointestinal reations; The more serious side effects are seen in the process of long-term medication. Encouragement need to give patients at the same time of treatment and to improve the compliance.

关 键 词：获得性免疫缺陷综合征 高效抗逆转录病毒治疗 毒副作用 

分 类 号：R541.4[医药卫生—心血管疾病]