我国环境侵权二元立法研究  

Dual Legislation of Environmental Tort in China

作　　者：代杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学民商经济法学院,北京100088

出　　处：《天津商业大学学报》2013年第1期69-72,F0003,共5页Journal of Tianjin University of Commerce

基　　金：中国法学会十大重点研究专项项目"促进经济又好又快和可持续发展的法律问题研究"(CLS10-9)阶段性成果

摘　　要：中国现行法建立了环境侵权一元规则,即无论环境污染致人身损害还是致财产损失,都实施无过错责任和举证责任倒置。该规则忽视了环境侵权的复杂性,易导致人身损害得不到充分救济,使企业的负担沉重。鉴于人身价值优于财产价值,并为了充分救济受害者的人身权利,促进社会发展,应当构建环境侵权二元规则。环境污染致人身损害应当适用无过错责任和举证责任倒置。环境污染致财产损失应当适用过错推定责任和因果关系推定。Chinese environmental tort implements the meta-rule, that is to say, there exist no-fauh liability and reversed burden of proof for personal injury or property loss caused by environmental pollution. The meta-rule ignores the complex- ity of environmental tort, which easily results in inadequate relief of personal injury and heavy burden on enterprise. Con- sidering personal value is superior to property value, dual legislation of environmental tort should be enacted to give full relief to victims＇ personal rights and promote social development. Personal injury caused by environmental pollution is applicable to no-fault liability and reversed burden of proof. Property loss caused by environmental pollution is applicable to the presumption of fault liability and causality.

关 键 词：环境侵权 一元规则 二元规则 人身损害 财产损失 

分 类 号：D913[政治法律—民商法学]