皮革废水有机污染物生物降解特性研究  

Biodegradation Characteristics of Organic Pollutants Contained in Tannery Wastewater

作　　者：王勇[1,2] 李伟光[1,2] 杨力[1,2] 宿程远[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]城市水资源开发利用(北方)国家工程研究中心,哈尔滨150090 [2]哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院,哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《环境科学》2013年第2期604-610,共7页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2009BAC57B03)

摘　　要：选取二萘磺酸钠、单宁酸及杨梅栲胶3种皮革鞣剂,接种皮革废水处理厂的活性污泥,在批式试验中研究了好氧及厌氧降解特性及降解动力学.以实际皮革废水为研究对象,同样采用批式试验考察了好氧及厌氧降解过程COD变化规律.结果表明,对于皮革鞣剂的去除及矿化,好氧降解优于厌氧降解.好氧降解二萘磺酸钠、单宁酸及杨梅栲胶的去除率分别为>90%、>90%、50%～75%;厌氧降解的去除率分别为10%～40%、>95%、20%～30%;好氧及厌氧降解单宁酸的COD去除率分别为>75%、<75%.好氧降解单宁酸及杨梅栲胶的一级动力学速率常数k值受初始浓度影响较小,而好氧降解二萘磺酸钠的k值受到初始浓度显著影响,二萘磺酸钠≥70 mg·L-1对微生物产生毒性作用,k值明显下降.皮革废水生物降解具有明显阶段性特征,快速及慢速降解期内COD浓度与反应时间呈现很好的线性关系,好氧最大比降解速率是厌氧最大比降解速率的11.6倍.In the batch experiments inoculated with activated sludge from tannery wastewater treatment plant,biodegradation characteristics and kinetics of three tanning agents,naphthalene-2-sulfonic sodium,tannic acid and bayberry tannin,were studied under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.And the aerobic/anaerobic biodegradation laws of real tannery wastewater with respect to COD change were also investigated using the same batch experiments.The results showed aerobic degradation was superior to anaerobic degradation for tanning agent removal and mineralization.The removal rates of naphthalene-2-sulfonic sodium,tannic acid and bayberry tannin by aerobic biodegradation were 90%,90% and 50%-75%,respectively whereas 10%-40%,95% and 20%-30%,respectively by anaerobic degradation.In terms of COD removal about tannic acid biodegradation,the removal rates under aerobic and anaerobic conditions were 75% and 75%,respectively.The first-order kinetic constants during aerobic biodegradation of tannic acid and bayberry tannin were slightly influenced by initial concentrations while initial concentration had a significant effect on the first-order kinetics rate in the case of naphthalene-2-sulfonic sodium aerobic-biodegradation because naphthalene-2-sulfonic sodium with initial concentration ≥70 mg·L-1 was toxic to microorganism leading to a significant decline of kinetic constants.Biodegradation of real tannery wastewater under aerobic and anaerobic conditions represented obvious stage characteristics and the COD concentration had a good linear correlation with reaction time in the phases of fast degradation and slow degradation.The aerobic maximum specific degradation rate was 11.6 times higher of anaerobic degradation.

关 键 词：皮革废水 皮革鞣剂 生物降解 一级反应动力学 COD去除 

分 类 号：X794[环境科学与工程—环境工程]