陕西省药店凭处方销售抗生素现状研究  

Status quo on prescription antibiotics in retail pharmacies of Shaanxi Province

作　　者：姜明欢[1] 方宇[1] 陈文娟[1] 杨世民[1] 刘均[1] 侯鸿军 张抗怀[3] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学医学部药学院,陕西西安710061 [2]陕西省食品药品监督管理局,陕西西安710065 [3]西安交通大学医学部第二附属医院陕西西安710075

出　　处：《中国卫生政策研究》2013年第1期40-45,共6页Chinese Journal of Health Policy

基　　金：陕西省科技攻关项目(2010K16-02);陕西省社会科学基金项目(10E066)

摘　　要：目的:调查陕西省药店抗生素凭处方销售情况,为完善药店抗生素管理提供建议。方法:采用神秘顾客法,分别模拟儿童腹泻和成人急性上呼吸道感染患者,调查陕西省213家药店凭处方销售抗生素情况和药店工作人员药学服务行为。结果:大多数药店不凭处方出售抗生素,儿童腹泻和成人急性上呼吸道感染病症不凭处方获得抗生素的比例分别为72.8%和95.8%;对两类病症能提供完整药学服务的药店仅占0.9%,药店药学服务缺位;大部分患者未能得到正确的用药指导,难以确保抗生素合理使用。结论:陕西省药店抗生素销售行为亟待规范。建议加强零售药店抗生素销售的监管,提升药店工作人员规范化服务水平,加强药师队伍建设,广泛开展抗生素合理使用知识的宣传教育,加快推进医药卫生体制改革,根本提升社区抗生素用药安全水平。Objective： this study is to determine the percentage of pharmacies selling antibiotics without an offi- cial prescription in Shaanxi province, and provide suggestions for antibiotics management in community pharmacies. Methods：We use a ＂mystery shopping＂ approach to present two different cases at pharmacies： a child with diarrhea and an adult with an acute respiratory infection. The percentage of pharmacies selling antibiotics and the provision of pharmaceutical care were investigated. Results：In total, 213 pharmacies were visited, and antibiotics were obtained from most pharmacies. The proportion of pharmacies that sold antibiotics for the case of diarrhea was 72. 8%, and the proportion of pharmacies that sold antibiotics for the case of respiratory infection was 95.8%. Only 0. 9% of pharma- cies could give proper guidance on the correct use of the antibiotics. Therefore, the retail pharmacies could not en- sure the rational use of antibiotics. Conclusions and Suggestions ： Our study demonstrates that, although illegal, the sale of antibiotics without a prescription continues in Shaanxi. It＇ s necessary to promote the health care reform, reinforce the supervision and administration of retail pharmacies, and strengthen the public education about the use of antibiotics. Such measures will ensure safe antibiotic usage.

关 键 词：药店 抗生素 神秘顾客法 

分 类 号：R951[医药卫生—药学]