聚醚型与聚酯型聚氨酯弹性体的性能研究  

Study on Properties of Polyether and Polyester Polyurethane Elastomer

作　　者：张敏[1] 夏青[1] 王昊[1] 张宝峰[1] 李猛[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学教育部轻化工助剂化学与技术重点实验室,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《塑料工业》2013年第2期87-89,114,共4页China Plastics Industry

基　　金：陕西科技大学科研创新团队项目资助(TD10-01)

摘　　要：使用聚乙二醇(PEG)、聚四亚甲基醚二醇(PTMG)、聚己内酯(PCL)和4,4'-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)合成了聚醚多元醇型和聚酯多元醇型热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)。研究了各种TPU中异氰酸酯指数(R0)、硬段浓度(Ch)、聚醚和聚酯的种类、摩尔质量及原料用量等对弹性体力学性能的影响;并且使用双酚A型环氧树脂NPEL-127改性了弹性体的耐热性。研究结果表明:TPU的硬度随着R0和Ch的增加而增加;聚醚型TPU中,随着软段中柔性链的增加,TPU的硬度下降而力学性能提高;聚酯型TPU中,随着聚酯和聚酯二元醇摩尔质量的提高,TPU的硬度和力学性能均有提高;聚酯型TPU的力学性能优于聚醚型TPU;环氧树脂改性使得聚醚型TPU耐热性提高。The thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer （TPU） was synthesized using polyether polyol of polyethylene glycol （ PEG ）, poly （ tetramethylene ether） glycol （ PTMG ）, polyester polyol polycaprolactone （PCL） and 4, 4＇ - diphenylmethane diisocyanate （MDI）. The effect of isocyanate index （R0） , hard segment concentration （Ch） and type, molecular weight and amount of polyether polyol on the performance of polyurethane elastomer were studied. In addition, the bisphenol A epoxy resin NPEL-127 were used to modified the polyurethane elastomer in order to improve its heat resistance. The results showed that： the hardness of TPU increases with increasing Ro and Ch ; with the increase of molecular weight of the polyester and polyester diol, the hardness and mechanical properties of TPU was improved; the mechanical properties of polyester TPU was better than that of polyether TPU; the heat resistance of TPU modified by epoxy resin was improved.

关 键 词：聚氨酯弹性体 聚酯型 聚醚型 改性 耐热性 

分 类 号：TQ334.1[化学工程—橡胶工业]