应急状态下快速分析血液传播疾病和判断溶血的方法  

Quick determination of blood quality and assessment of blood hemolysis

作　　者：姚根宏[1] 陈虎诚[1] 陈艳丽[1] 栾建凤[1] 朱培元[1] 叶东[1] 严京梅 雷千红[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京军区南京总医院输血科,南京医学博士210002

出　　处：《医学研究生学报》2013年第2期125-127,共3页Journal of Medical Postgraduates

基　　金：南京军区医学科技创新重点项目(11Z026)

摘　　要：目的应急状态下的血液供应和质量检测不同于常规情况下,必须采取有效方法保证血液质量。文中研究建立应急状态下快速判断血液质量的方法,旨在为战争、突发事件或灾害事故等情况下供应合格血液。方法采用快速胶体金法检测血液中病原体;运用专用运血箱和相变保温材料来保障血液运输时质量;应用磁珠分离技术快速判断血液是否溶血。结果快速胶体金法检测乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)、丙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis C virus,HCV)、人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)和梅毒结果与ELISA法有很高的符合率;采用相变材料和专用运血箱可较长时间保持血液运输的温度,且细胞不会严重溶血;判断血液溶血程度时,磁珠分离法与离心法效果相当。结论建立的系列方法适合应急状态下的血液质量判断,能够保障供应合格的血液。Objective In emergency situation, blood supply and quality assurance are different from usual time, and the qual- ity of blood must be guaranteed by even stricter measures. This study aimed to found some effective methods for rapid determination of blood quality in emergency so as to provide quality blood in military affairs, unexpected incidents or disasters. Methods We detected pathogens in the blood by colloidal gold immune chromatography, kept the blood in special blood transport kit with pre-chilled phase change material to ensure its quality duration transportation, and performed rapid analysis on the hemolysis of blood using the immu- nomagnetic bead method. Results The results of gold immune chromatography highly coincided with those of ELISA, such as HBsAg, anti-HIV, anti-HCV, and anti-syphilis antibodies. The special blood transport kit with phase change material kept the blood at a proper temperature and prevented severe hemolysis during long transportation. Compared with centrifugation, the immunomagnetic bead method was proved to be of similar speed and efficiency in determining the hemolysis of blood. Conclusion The methods we established could meet the need of blood quality assessment and ensure the supply of quality blood in emergency situation.

关 键 词：应急救援 血液保障 血液质量 

分 类 号：R446.11[医药卫生—诊断学]