缺氧对谷氨酸能和GABA能突触传递的影响  

Effects of hypoxia on glutamatergic and GABAergic synaptic transmission

作　　者：李晶[1] 杜永平[1] 张月萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学西京医院儿科脑发育研究室,陕西西安710032

出　　处：《中国病理生理杂志》2013年第2期371-375,共5页Chinese Journal of Pathophysiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.30871029)

摘　　要：突触传递在神经元信号传递过程中发挥重要作用。大量研究证实缺氧引起的突触传递改变参与神经元损伤的病理生理过程。谷氨酸和Y-氨基丁酸（1-aminobutyricacid，GABA）分别是神经系统中重要的兴奋性神经递质和抑制性神经递质，在维持突触传递的兴奋／抑制平衡方面发挥重要作用。因此，本文就缺氧对谷氨酸能突触传递和GABA能突触传递的影响作一综述。Neurons in the mammalian central nervous sysytem （CNS） are highly sensitive to the availability of oxygen. Hypoxia alters synaptic transmission in a few minutes. Both glutamatergic and y-aminobutyric acid （GABA）ergic synaptic transmissions respond to hypoxic exposure with prominent modification. Glutamate receptors, GABA receptors, adenosine receptor, and some endogenous neuromodulators are involved in the preservation of neuron function. Since the neuroprotection in all hypoxic tolerant species examined so far relies on significant increase in GABA and decrease in gluta- mate, it may be an important strategy to make a moderate balance of glutamate/GABA synaptic transmission against hypoxic insults.

关 键 词：缺氧 突触传递 谷氨酸 Γ-氨基丁酸 

分 类 号：R329.21[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]