西安市过敏性哮喘变应原谱的分析  

Prevalence of allergens for allergic asthma in Xi'an

作　　者：卢家美[1] 孙秀珍[1] 李满祥[1] 刘昀[1] 李维[1] 冯向莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学医学院第二附属医院呼吸内科,陕西西安710004

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报（医学版）》2012年第6期728-731,共4页Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University（Medical Sciences）

基　　金：陕西省社发攻关项目(No.2007K08-02)~~

摘　　要：目的调查西安市过敏性哮喘的常见变应原,为本地区变态反应性疾病的防治提供依据。方法采用14种吸入和7种食入常见变应原的标准提取液对2005年1月～2011年6月就诊我科的857例过敏性哮喘患者进行皮肤点刺试验,并比较不同性别和不同年龄段变应原阳性率的差异。结果吸入变应原阳性率依次为粉尘螨、屋尘螨、艾蒿、法桐、霉菌、藜草、葎草、禾本科等,食入组变应原以虾、螃蟹、牛奶、鸡蛋为主;不同性别变应原阳性情况无显著差异,仅有杨树不同(P<0.05);<20岁人群变应原阳性率较高,尤其是粉尘螨、多价羽毛与其余年龄段阳性率差异较大(P<0.05)。结论粉尘螨、屋尘螨、艾蒿、法桐、霉菌、藜草、葎草等为西安市最主要的变应原,不同性别之间变应原无显著差异;不同年龄段之间青少年变应原阳性率较高。Objective To survey common allergens for allergic asthma and to provide the basis for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases in Xi＇an.Methods Skin prick test was conducted on 857 patients with allergic asthma who visited our department between January 2005 and June 2011 with common allergens of 14 kinds of inhalation and 7 kinds of ingestion.The positive rate of different allergens was compared among the patients of different gender and age.Results The positive rate of inhaled allergens was the highest in dust mites,followed by house dust mite,mugwort,firmina,mildew,chenopodium,humulus,and grass.And the positive rate of ingestion allergens was the highest in shrimp,followed by crab,milk,and eggs.There was no significant difference in the positive rate of allergens except poplar between different genders.The allergen positive rate of dust mites and multivalent feathers was significantly higher in patients younger than 20 years old（P0.05）.Conclusion Dust mite,house dust mite,mugwort,firmina,mildew,chenopodium,and humulus are the most important allergens in Xi＇an.There is no gender difference in allergen positive rate.But the allergen positive rate is higher in those under 20 years old than in the other age groups.

关 键 词：过敏性哮喘 皮肤点刺试验 变应原 流行病学 西安市 

分 类 号：R562.1[医药卫生—呼吸系统]