垄膜沟种条件下品种和密度对玉米生长的影响  

Effect of Variety and Density on Maize Growth under Ridge Film Mulching and Furrow Planting

作　　者：肖继兵[1] 孙占祥[2] 蒋春光[1] 侯志研[2] 冯良山[2] 白伟[2] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省水土保持研究所,辽宁朝阳122000 [2]辽宁省农业科学院,沈阳110161

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2013年第1期134-140,共7页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划(2011BAD09B02)

摘　　要：为提高朝阳地区旱地玉米降雨利用效率,增加旱地玉米产量,选用3个玉米品种(中熟品种辽单33、中晚熟品种沈禾201和晚熟品种东单60),设计6种密度(37 500,45 000,52 500,60 000,67 500,75 000株/hm2),采用两因素裂区试验(品种为主区,密度为副区)研究了垄膜沟种微集雨种植条件下品种和密度对玉米生长的影响。结果表明,在微集雨种植条件下,随着密度的增加,株高先增加后降低,但茎粗和棒三叶叶面积逐渐降低,LAI逐渐增加,且LAI在品种或密度的单一作用下及在二者交互作用下均差异显著或极显著;随着密度的增加,产量构成因素(穗长、穗粒数、千粒重等)逐渐降低,但产量却逐渐增加。在各密度水平下,3个品种以中晚熟品种沈禾201平均产量(13 781.89kg/hm2)最高,水分利用效率[28.73kg/(mm.hm2)]最大。要想充分发挥该区微集雨种植技术的增产潜力,建议选用中晚熟株型紧凑品种进行合理密植。In order to increase rainfall use efficiency and yield of maize in dryland in Chaoyang area, Liaoning Province, the effects of variety and density on maize growth under ridge film mulch and furrow planting were studied by split-plot experiment with two factors. This experiment chose three varieties （mid-maturing variety Liaodan 33, mid-late-maturing variety Shenhe 201 and late maturing variety Dongdan 60） and six kinds of density（37 500, 45 000, 52 500, 60 000, 67 500, 75 000 plants/hm^2）, and variety was set in main plot and density was arranged in the sub-plot. The results showed that the change rule of plant height increased at first and decreased later, the stem diameter and areas of three ear leaves gradually reduced and LAI gradually increased with the increase of density. The difference of LAI was significant or very significant under single factor of the variety or the density and under the interaction of these two factors. As the density increased, yield components（ear length, grain number per and 1 000-seed weight etc. ） gradually reduced, however, the yield gradually increased as the density increased. The average yield （13 781.89 kg/hm2） and WUE （28.73 kg/（mm · hm2） of Shenhe 201 were the highest among the three varieties. In order to develop fully yield in creasing potentiality of micro rainwater-collecting planting, the proposal was to choose mid-late-maturing variety and reasonable dense planting

关 键 词：玉米 垄膜沟种 品种 密度 产量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S318