基于GIS的土地利用时空动态变化分析——以塔里木盆地农垦区为例  

Analysis on Spatiotemporal Change of Land Use Based on GIS Technology——Taking Xinjiang Tarim Basin as an Example

作　　者：马松增[1] 史明昌[1] 杨贵森[2] 徐晓桃[3] 殷建[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学省部共建森林资源培育与保护教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [2]新疆生产建设兵团水土保持监测总站,乌鲁木齐830002 [3]北京地拓科技发展有限公司,北京100084

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2013年第1期177-181,共5页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(200901052)

摘　　要：通过遥感获取的时间序列信息,分析新疆塔里木盆地农垦区土地利用的空间变化和未来发展趋势,为农垦区土地的可持续开发利用提供决策参考。以5个时期的遥感影像为数据源,借助遥感与地理信息系统软件,结合土地利用动态变化的指标,分析塔里木盆地农垦区近35a来的土地利用时空动态变化过程。研究表明:大量增加的农用地主要源自林地和未利用地的开发利用,总面积增加1 843.82km2;城镇建设用地快速增长,总面积增加110.21km2;未利用地显示出开垦和耕地化的趋势;在2006年之前,研究区域的土地利用变化速度呈现逐步加快的趋势,2006年以后,变化速度减慢,土地利用动态度由451.44降为-46.17。农垦区的土地开发速度逐渐放缓,为脆弱的生态环境恢复提供有利条件,但同时由于经济的快速发展,给生态环境带来了新的威胁,因此在土地开发利用的同时,要坚持可持续发展道路,重视生态环境的保护与恢复。研究结果对研究区域具有现实指导意义。An analysis of land use spatial change and future trend was carried out for Xinjiang Tarim basin by using remote sensing to obtain time series information of land use, which provided a reference for local land sustainable development decision. Based on remote sensing images from five periods, the land use spatiotemporal change process in past nearly 35 years was analyzed through related index of land use change by using RS and GIS software. The results showed that building land increased rapidly and farmland derived rapidly from the forest land and unused land, the area increased 110.21 km^2 and 1 843.82 km2 , respectively. Land use variation speeded before 2006 and slowed down after that, value ranged from 451.44 to -46.17. The slowing development of Tarim basin land gave a positive condition for the fragile ecological environment recovery, but due to the rapid development of economy, ecological environment faced to a new threat. Therefore, in the development and utilization of land at the same time, the local area should follow the way of sustainable development and pay attention to the ecological environmental protection and restoration. The resuits have practical guiding significance to the study area.

关 键 词：塔里木盆地 土地利用 遥感 地理信息系统 时空变化 

分 类 号：F301[经济管理—产业经济] TP751[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]