欠条的刑法评价  

Criminal Law Evaluation on the Receipt for a Loan

作　　者：张红昌[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南师范大学政法学院,海南海口571158

出　　处：《海南大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2013年第1期77-83,共7页Journal of Hainan University （Humanities & Social Sciences）

基　　金：教育部人文社科资助项目(09YJC820024)

摘　　要：欠条是金钱债权的存在证明,亦是债权人行使债权的重要凭证。在欠条与其所记载金钱债权之间的关系上,刑法理论及司法实务中存在欠条状况说、债务人限制说等见解的对立。欠条自身价值甚微,不属于财产罪的犯罪对象。不过,欠条与其所承载的金钱债权之间具有极其密切的联系,盗取、骗取或抢劫欠条的行为具有侵害金钱债权的现实危险,足以构成财产罪。行为人是否实际获取了与金钱债权有关的财产性利益,则是犯罪既未遂而非犯罪成否的判断因素。The receipt for a loan is the proof of the existence of monetary claim, and also the important voucher that the creditor enforces the claim. In terms of the relationship between the receipt of a loan and the monetary claim, there exist the opposite explanations, namely the conditions of receipt for a loan, the limitation on the creditor and so on, in the theory of Criminal Law and judicial affairs. Although the receipt for a loan itself has little value, not belonging to the object of property crime, it has the intimate connection with the monetary claim carried. Therefore, the action of stealing, cheating and robbing the receipt for a loan involves the practical risks infracting the monetary claim, which can constitute the property crime. Whether the actor actually acquires the interest of property related to the monetary claim is the factor to judge the accomplished or unaccomplished crime, rather than the commitment of crime or not.

关 键 词：欠条 债权 财产罪 财产性利益 

分 类 号：D924.35[政治法律—刑法学]