基于GIS的人居环境适宜性分区及其与人口分布的关系——以湖南省为例  

Regionalization on the suitability of human settlement environment and its relationship with population distribution based on GIS——a case of Hunan Province

作　　者：李伯华[1,2] 曹冬[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省人居环境学研究基地,湖南衡阳421008 [2]衡阳师范学院资源环境与旅游管理系,湖南衡阳421008

出　　处：《华中师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第1期110-116,共7页Journal of Central China Normal University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41101163);教育部人文社科基金项目(10YJCZH067);湖南省自然科学基金项目(10JJ6063);湖南省社会科学基金项目(12YBAO35);湖南省高校科技创新团队支持计划项目

摘　　要：借助GIS软件平台,以1km×1km栅格为基本单元,选取8个主要影响因子,定量评估湖南省人居环境适宜性并进行区域划分,进而探讨湖南省人居环境适宜性与人口分布的关系.研究表明:(1)湖南省人居环境适宜性指数区间为4.75～9.33之间,中值为7.04,总体适宜性较好.(2)从空间结构来看,湖南省人居环境适宜性指数具有明显的空间差异,即湘北洞庭湖带和湘中湘江带是湖南省人居环境高度适宜集聚区,湘西北、湘西南和湘东南边缘区是人居环境不适宜区.(3)根据适宜性聚类分析,湖南省人居环境高度适宜区的县市(州)有48个,一般适宜区的县市(州)有42个,不适宜区的县市(州)有11个.(4)湖南省人居环境适宜性与人口分布之间具有很强的相关性,曲线拟合度高达0.91.不同发展水平区域人居环境适宜性指数与人口密度相关性有较大差异.Applying GIS software and taking 1km×1km grid as basic unit,this article quantitatively evaluates and regionalizes the suitability of Hunan＇s human settlement environment（HSE） by selecting eight impact factors,such as elevation,gradient,slope aspect,land utilization,soil erosion degree,traffic accessibility,convenience of water resources utilization and THI.Furthermore,this article explores the relationship between the suitability of Hunan＇s HSE and its population distribution.The results show that： firstly,the suitability index of Hunan＇s HSE ranges from 4.75 to 9.33 with a median of 7.04,showing a good general suitability;secondly,from the view of spatial structure,the spatial variation of the suitability index of Hunan＇s HSE is distinct,with Dongting Lake area in the north of Hunan and Xiangjiang River basin in the middle being high-suitable areas,Northwestern and southwestern area and fringe areas of southeastern Hunan being low-suitabile areas,and other areas being general-suitable;thirdly,according to suitability cluster analysis,Hunan can be divided into three types of areas,i.e.the 48 counties of high suitability,42 counties of general suitability and eleven counties of low suitability;fourthly,there is a strong and direct correlation between the suitability of HSE and population distribution in Hunan province,with the curve fitting up to 0.91,however,the correlation coefficient of HSE suitability index and population density varies greatly among different areas because of the difference of their economic development.

关 键 词：人居环境 适应性分区 人口布局 GIS 湖南省 

分 类 号：C922[社会学—人口学]