大空间钢网壳穹顶的内爆炸冲击波超压计算  

Calculation of shock wave overpressures of internal explosion within large-space steel reticulated dome

作　　者：谢微微[1] 高轩能[1] 江媛[1] 

机构地区：[1]华侨大学土木工程学院,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《广西大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第1期16-22,共7页Journal of Guangxi University（Natural Science Edition）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51278208);福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2011J01319);中央高校科研业务费专项基金资助项目(JB-JC1005)

摘　　要：为研究内爆炸作用下冲击波在大空间穹顶结构内的传播规律、超压峰值及其对结构的作用,采用通用有限元LS-DYNA程序,考虑炸药空中爆炸和大空间结构特性,建立炸药在大空间钢网壳穹顶内爆炸作用下的数值计算模型,并通过已知超压计算公式验证数值结果。应用所建模型,对炸药在大空间钢网壳穹顶内爆炸的全过程演变和5种矢跨比穹顶的内爆炸冲击波压力进行了数值模拟计算与分析。结果表明:内爆炸下大空间穹顶除受到入射冲击波的冲击作用外,还可能受到反射波或复合波的多次冲击,冲击的强弱取决于反射体刚度和穹顶几何尺寸等多种因素;穹顶跨度和矢跨比对主峰值压力的大小和出现的次数有较大影响,但没有呈现出明显的规律性。最后,给出了内爆炸下不同跨度和矢跨比穹顶结构的冲击波超压计算公式,可供工程结构防爆抗爆参考。In order to study the propagation and the overpressure peak of shock waves within a large- space dome under internal blast and their effects on the structure, considering the air explosion and the characteristics of large-space structure, a numerical model for the simulation of internal blast in the large-space steel reticulated dome was established by employing LS-DYNA. The numerical results were verified by the established overpressure formula. By applying the model, the numerical simulation and analysis were carried out for the entire evolution of the explosions inside the large- space steel reticulated dome and the shock wave pressure on the domes with five different rise-to- span ratios under internal blast. The results show that besides the impact of the shock waves, the large-space dome may also subjected to the multiple impacts of the reflected waves or combined waves under internal explosion, but the strength of the impacts depends on the stiffness of the reflec- tor, dome geometry and other factors. The results also showed out that the span and rise-to-span ra- tio of dome have large influence on the number and value of the main peak pressure, but there is no significant regularity. Finally, the fitting formulae for shock wave overpressure of the large-space domes with the different spans and rise-to-span ratios under internal explosion were obtained, andthey could be applied to the explosion-proof and antiknock in engineering structures.

关 键 词：爆炸 冲击波 穹顶 超压 数值模拟 

分 类 号：O383.2[理学—流体力学] TU393.3[理学—力学]