耐酸铝大豆品种资源的筛选与鉴定  

Screening and Identifying Soybean Germplasm Tolerant to Acid Aluminum

作　　者：刘德兴[1] 年海[1] 杨存义[1] 舒云康[1] 窦洪[1] 马启彬[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学农学院国家大豆改良中心广东分中心亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室,广东广州510642

出　　处：《大豆科学》2013年第1期46-49,共4页Soybean Science

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903002);广东省科技计划项目(2011A020102010);广东省教育部产学研结合计划项目(2011B090400328);农业部公益性行业科研专项(nyhyzx07-004-11);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-04-PS09);华南农业大学校长基金(4100-k09130)

摘　　要：对引进的139份主要来自湖南省的大豆种质资源,苗期采用简单钙溶液法和全营养液法,以主根相对伸长率为评价指标,分析大豆对铝毒的耐性表现。结果表明,大豆对铝毒的耐性存在基因型差异。首先通过简单钙培养法筛选得到耐酸铝材料12份,之后通过全营养法进行验证获得耐酸铝大豆种质资源8份,即沅陵矮子早<甲>、长沙夏黄豆、常德中和青豆、凤凰青皮豆<乙>、十月青豆、人潮溪黄豆1、中作04563、中作05675。进一步以垦丰15、桂春8号为对照品种,采用土培法对获得的8份大豆耐性材料进行盆栽鉴定,以单株粒重、百粒重、叶绿素含量和株高作为耐铝毒性的评价指标,分析大豆对铝毒耐性的综合表现。遴选出1份耐性较强的材料,即人潮溪黄豆1,可供大豆耐铝毒性遗传育种研究利用。A total of 139 soybean germplasm mainly originated from Hunan province were tested with the hydroponics methods of simple calcium solution culture and complete nutrient solution culture in seedling stage to screen out tolerant germplasm to aluminum toxicity taking main roots as tolerance indicator. The results showed that tolerance to aluminum toxicity varied with genotypes. Twelve soybean germplasm showed tolerance to aluminum toxicity after simple calcium solution culture. When fur- ther tested by complete nutrient solution culture,eight soybean germplasm including Yuanling＇ aizizao（ a）, Changshaxiahuang- doo, Changdezhongheqingdou, Fenghuangqingpidou （ b ）, Shiyueqingdou, Renchaoxihuangdou 1, Zhongzuo 04563 and Zhongzuo 05675 showed tolerance to aluminum toxicity. Then, the eight soybean germplasm were pot cultured to compare their seed weight per plant, 100-seed weight, chlorophyll content and plant height with Kenfeng 15 and Guichun 8 as control. Renchaoxi- huangdou 1 showed stronger tolerance to AI toxicity than other materials and could be used in breeding soybean varieties toler- ant to A1 toxicity.

关 键 词：大豆 铝毒 水培法 盆栽 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]