常州市浅层地下水重金属污染对城区、城郊居民健康风险评价  

Health risk assessment of heavy metals in shallow groundwater in urban and suburban areas of Changzhou

作　　者：杨彦[1] 于云江[2] 魏伟伟[1] 李定龙[1] 杨洁[1] 

机构地区：[1]常州大学环境与安全工程学院,常州213164 [2]环境保护部华南环境科学研究所,广州510655

出　　处：《环境化学》2013年第2期202-211,共10页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：2011社会公益行业科研专项项目(201109009);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2008CB418205)资助

摘　　要：采用美国EPA推荐的风险评价模型,同时考虑研究区人群基本情况和生活习惯等,进行推荐模型的参数优化,建立适合研究区人群的风险评价方法,并对城区、城郊不同暴露途径下地下水污染进行健康风险评价.结果表明,常州城区饮水暴露途径与皮肤暴露途径致癌风险男性分别为2.79×10-3和2.81×10-5,女性分别为1.87×10-3和2.45×10-5;非致癌风险男性分别为3.48×10-6和3.79×10-5,女性分别为2.27×10-6和3.01×10-5.城郊饮水暴露途径与皮肤暴露途径致癌风险男性分别为1.26×10-3和1.32×10-5,女性分别为9.77×10-4和1.18×10-5;非致癌风险男性分别为4.07×10-6和3.43×10-5,女性分别为2.14×10-6和9.71×10-6,风险水平均处于可接受范围内.敏感性分析表明饮水暴露途径下各因子的敏感性在-19.8%—20.1%之间,皮肤暴露途径下各因子的敏感性在-14.8%—16.1%之间,对研究区人群暴露参数进行调查实测,降低了评价结果的不确定性.研究浅层地下水的健康风险评价,对合理开发该区域地下水资源具有重要参考价值.Health risk assessment is an important method to quantitatively describe the hazards of pollution on human health.In this work,the risk assessment model recommended by US EPA was emplyed.The basic situation and the lifestyle of people in the study area were considered during the optimization of the parameters of EPA model.And a suitable risk assessment method for the study area was established to assess the health risk of groundwater pollution through different exposure pathways in urban area and suburb.The results showed that through drinking exposure and dermal exposure,the carcinogenic risk value of the male in urban areas was 2.79×10-3 and 2.81×10-5,and the female was 1.87×10-3 and 2.45×10-5.The non-carcinogenic risk value of the male was 3.48×10-6 and 3.79×10-5,and the female was 2.27×10-6 and 3.01×10-5.The carcinogenic risk value of the male in the suburb was 1.26×10-3 and 1.32×10-5,and the female was 9.77×10-4 and 1.18×10-5.The non-carcinogenic risk value of the male was 4.07×10-6 and 3.43×10-5,and the female was 2.14×10-6 and 9.71×10-6.The risk levels are within acceptable level.Sensitivity analysis showed that the sensitivity of different factors was from-19.8% to 20.1% through drinking exposure pathway and from-14.8% to 16.1% through dermal exposure pathway.The uncertainty of the evaluation results could be reduced with the measurement and field survey of the exposure parameters.

关 键 词：常州 浅层地下水 重金属 健康风险评价 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程]