四川盆地西缘农村居民饮用水健康风险暴露参数的研究  

Research on the Health Risk Assessment Exposure Factors of Rural Residents′ Drinking Water in the Western Edge of the Sichuan Basin,China

作　　者：邓玉[1] 倪福全[2] 向璐[1] 张莹[1] 刘小容[1] 王威[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学资源环境学院,成都611130 [2]四川农业大学信息与工程技术学院,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2013年第2期244-250,共7页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国际科技合作计划项目(2012DFG91520);四川省科技支撑计划项目(2010NZ0105);四川省教育厅重点科研项目(09ZA063)

摘　　要：采用随机入户调查的方式对位于四川盆地西缘的名山县农村居民饮用水暴露参数进行了研究。结果表明:研究区农村居民儿童、成年男性、成年女性和全体调查者,其体重平均值分别为30、64、56、57.6kg,每日平均饮水率分别为1.25、2.13、1.92、1.88L·d-1,皮肤表面积均值分别为1、1.72、1.57、1.6m2;随着年龄的增长,3种暴露参数均表现出先增加,46～60岁时达到最大值,之后缓慢减少的变化趋势;研究区男性、女性的体重和皮肤表面积与美国、澳大利亚、加拿大居民差异较大;男性、女性饮水率与我国北方居民亦有差异,相比较分别低37.7%、38.5%。因此,建议按区域建立我国居民的暴露参数数据库,以降低健康风险评估结果的非确定性。Using random sampling method, this study investigated the drinking water exposure characteristics of rural residents in the western edge of the Sichuan Basin, and got 1240 investigators′ information. Three groups including male, female and all subjects would be divided to analyze with SPSS17.0 software. The results showed that:age and sex could influence exposure parameters. For children, adult males, adult females and all the investigators, average body weight of these groups were 30 kg, 64 kg, 56 kg, 57.6 kg respectively; average daily drinking water intake rate were 1.25 L·d-1, 2.13 L·d-1, 1.92 L·d-1, 1.88 L·d-1respectively; and average skin surface area were 1 m 2 , 1.72 m 2 , 1.57 m 2 , 1.6 m 2 respectively. These three exposure parameters increased with age at first, and reached up to the maximum at the age of 46～60, then gradually decreased. Compared with the residents of US, Australia and Canada, the mean of body weight for male and female in the study area were below 23%～25%, 12%～20.8%, respectively, and average skin surface area were below12.8%～16.3%、7.6%～8.3%, respectively. Average daily drinking water intake rate for male and female were lower northern residents of China 37.7%、38.5%, respectively. Therefore, it′s an urgent need for building regional residents exposure factors database in order to reduce uncertainty of health risk assessment.

关 键 词：暴露参数 饮水率 皮肤表面积 体重 名山县 

分 类 号：X820.4[环境科学与工程—环境工程]