太行山前丘陵区基岩裂隙水赋存的非均一性和易疏干性特征  

Characteristics of Non-uniformity and Vulnerability of Aquifers to Dewatering of Bedrock Fissure Water in the Hilly Area of the Taihang Mountains Piedmont

作　　者：张光辉[1] 严明疆[1] 刘春华[1] 冯慧敏[1] 王金哲[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所,石家庄050061

出　　处：《南水北调与水利科技》2013年第1期104-109,共6页South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41172214);国家科技支撑计划项目(2009BADA3B05)资助

摘　　要：针对太行山东簏丘陵区地下水能否可持续开发利用问题,基于探采结合的大量深井抽水及水位恢复试验资料,采用量化对比分析方法,揭示了研究区基岩裂隙水赋存非均一性和开采易疏干性特征。研究结果表明,不仅不同井位区之间地下水赋存具有空间非均一性,而且,各井孔内的不同深度也存在明显差异:在抽水时间小于70min时段,ZKs-3井的水位降深大于ZKs-2井的降深;70min之后,随着抽水时间增加,ZKs-2井的水位降深大于ZKs-3井的降深,且二者之差逐渐增大,表明ZKs-2井位的含水系统上部富水性较强、下部富水性较弱,ZKs-3井位的含水系统上部富水性较弱、下部富水性较强。不同井位含水系统具有不同的开采易疏干性:随着抽水试验轮次的增加,ZKs-2井的最大水位降深和水位恢复所需时间依次增加,但每次水位都能完全恢复至初始水位状态;ZKs-3井的水位未能完全恢复至初始水位状态,且至初始水位的距离依次增大,但每次水位恢复至稳定状态所用的时间没有明显变化。因此,合理设计井的结构与布局是防止山丘区地下水疏干性开采的关键。In terms of the issues of sustainable utilization of groundwater in the hilly area of the Taihang mountains piedmont, the characteristics of non-uniformity and vulnerability of the aquifers to dewatering in the area were investigated based on the quantitative comparison analysis of the pumping and recovery test data from the deep bedrock fissure groundwater wells. The research results showed that the spatial non-uniformity exists not only in the groundwater storage between different wells, but al so in different depths of the same well. For the pumping time less than 70 minutes, the drawdown of groundwater level in the well ZKs-3 was larger than that in the well Zks-2. However, after 70 minutes of pumping, the drawdown of groundwater level in the well ZKs-2 was larger than that in the well ZKs-3,and the drawdown difference between the two wells increased gradually with the increasing pumping time. These results indicated that the upper aquifer of well ZKs-2 has more water than the lower aquifer of well ZKs-2,while the upper aquifer of well ZKs-3 has less water than the lower aquifer of well ZKs-3. The aquifer systems in different wells had different vulnerability of groundwater to dewatering. With the increasing of pumping time, lhe maximum drawdown and the time for recovery of groundwater level in the well ZKs-2 increased, but the groundwater level can be fully restored to the initial level. However, the groundwater level cannot recover to the initial level in the well ZKs-3, and the difference between the recovered groundwater level and initial level increased as well, but the recovery time of groundwater level to a stable level were similar for different pumping tests. Therefore, the reasonable design and layout of wells is important to prevent the aquifers to dewatering in the hilly area.

关 键 词：太行山丘陵区 基岩裂隙水 水位降深与水位恢复 非均一性 易疏干性 

分 类 号：P641[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] TV211.1[天文地球—地质学]