城市水安全指数及其评价标准  

Urban Water Security Index and Its Evaluation Criterion

作　　者：邵东国[1] 杨丰顺[1] 刘玉龙[1] 肖淳[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,武汉430072

出　　处：《南水北调与水利科技》2013年第1期122-126,共5页South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology

基　　金：水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201001079;201101063);国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD08B05);国家科技重大专项项目(2012ZX07205-005)

摘　　要：考虑现有水安全定义以及水安全系统的特征,在尝试给出城市水安全定义的基础上,从城市规模、防洪安全、供水安全以及水环境安全4个方面,构建了针对南方湿润地区的城市水安全评价指标体系以及评价标准,并选用层次分析法确定了各指标的权重。借鉴边际效益递减原理,利用指数型功效函数实现了指标的标准化。引入协调度和发展度的概念,用于衡量水安全系统及其子系统发展的有序性、稳定行和协调性。利用该模型对武汉市2003年-2009年水安全状况进行了评价,计算结果表明,水安全目前处于"相对安全"状态,并且有逐年改善的趋势。实例应用结果验证了该模型的可行性与有效性,在城市水安全评价中有一定应用价值。Considering the current definitions and characteristics of water security, the definition of urban water security is pro posed tentatively in this paper. The evaluation index system and its evaluation criterion of urban water security in the southern humid area are developed from four aspects,including urban size, flood control security, water supply security, and water envi ronment security. The weight of each evaluation index is determined by the analytical hierarchy process （AHP）. The values of indicators are normalized using the exponential efficacy function based on the law of diminishing marginal utility. The concepts of coordination index （CI）and development index （DI）are proposed to illustrate the degree of order, stability, and coordination of water security system and its subsystems. The model is used to evaluate the urban water security in Wuhan City from 2003 to 2009. The results show that the water security in Wuhan city is ＂safe＂ and is improving every year. The model results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the model, which has significance in the evaluation of urban water security.

关 键 词：城市水安全 水安全指数模型 指数型功效函数 指标体系 武汉市 

分 类 号：TV213[水利工程—水文学及水资源]