老年高血压患者体位性低血压与体位性高血压的临床研究与护理风险防范  

Investigation of prevalence and clinical characteristics of orthostatic hypotension and orthostatic hy-pertension in elderly patients with hypertension

作　　者：刘乾惠[1] 刁晓兰[1] 周锡平[1] 

机构地区：[1]泸州医学院附属医院心内科,646000

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2013年第6期26-28,共3页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

摘　　要：目的探讨老年高血压患者体位性低血压（0H）与体位性高血压（OHT）的临床特征与护理风险防范要点。方法通过对2010年1月至2011年6月住院的489例老年高血压患者测量卧位与立位3min血压和心率，并分为OH组、OHT组和非OH、OHT组进行比较。结果60-79岁老年高血压组OH和OHT发生率显著低于≥80岁的高血压患者。非OH、OHT组冠心病、血糖异常、血脂异常、脑卒中的发生率显著低于OH组和OHT组。结论OH与OHT在老年高血压患者中较常见，OH与OHT老年高血压患者心脑血管疾病、糖尿病发生率较高，对该类患者应做好护理风险防范的健康教育，防止因OH、OHT引起护理风险事故的发生。Objeelive To determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of orthostatic hypotension （OH） and orthostatic hypertension （OHT） in the elderly patients with hypertension. Methods 489 elderly pa- tients with hypertension were enrolled and divided into the OH group, the OHT group and the non-OH-O- HT group, which represents no or symptom. The orthostatic blood pressure was measured in supine position after resting for more than 5 minutes and at 3 min standing. Results The prevalence of OH in the 60-79 years old group was lower than that in≥80 years old group. The morbility of coronary heart disease, dia- betes and ischemic stroke was significantly higher in the OH and OHT group than that in the non-OH-OHT group. Conclusions OH and OHT are common disease in the elderly patients with hypertension and as- sociated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. To strengthen nursing and health education for elderly patients with hypertension could prevent the incidence of malignant cardiovas- cular events due to OH and OHT.

关 键 词：体位性低血压 体位性高血压 直立性 护理风险 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]