考虑天然水流模式的多目标水库优化调度模型及应用  

Multi-objective reservoir optimal operation model considering natural flow regime and its application

作　　者：杨娜[1] 梅亚东[2] 于乐江[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学水文气象学院,江苏南京210044 [2]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《河海大学学报（自然科学版）》2013年第1期85-89,共5页Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：南京信息工程大学科研启动项目(S8111038001);水利部公益性行业专项(201101033);江苏省高校自然科学基础研究项目(11KJB170008)

摘　　要：充分考虑水流条件对河流生态环境的重要性,将水流模式作为河流生态要求的重要目标进行量化。根据水流模式与常规水库兴利要求对水流的不同利用方式,从天然水流模式和水库的配水方式2个方面设立目标函数,建立兼顾水库兴利要求和河流生态环境要求的多目标水库调度模型。将该模型应用于丹江口水库中,采用非劣解分类遗传算法(NSGA-II)进行优化求解。结果表明:对河流水流模式进行仿天然性优化后,可以有效改善水文模式中变化较大的指标,使其值尽量贴近天然流量的变化范围,进而降低河流生态环境所受水库调蓄作用的负面影响。优化结果对水库兴利功能的影响程度不大,偏好于生态环境目标的调度方式更有利于南水北调实施调水。With full consideration of the influences of flow conditions on river ecological environment,the flow regime,which is regarded as an important objective of river ecological requirements,was quantified.According to different flow utilization requirements of flow regimes and reservoirs,a multi-objective reservoir operation model with its objective function set up in terms of the natural flow model and water allocation pattern was established.It takes both river ecological requirements and reservoir utilization requirements into consideration.This model was applied to the Danjiangkou Reservoir and the NSGA-II algorithm was used to solve the optimization problem.The results show that the imitation of a natural river flow regime can effectively improve highly-affected hydrological indicators,making their variations close to natural values,and can reduce the negative effect of reservoir regulation on river ecosystems.The optimized scheduling result exerted an insignificant effect on reservoir utilization functions,and the scheduling method preferable to considering the ecological environment objective was more favorable to the South-to-North Water Diversion.

关 键 词：水库调度 天然水流模式 河流生态目标 多目标优化算法 

分 类 号：TV122[水利工程—水文学及水资源]