洪泽湖不同湖区表层沉积物中磷的形态和分布特征  

Chemical Forms and Distribution of Phosphorus in Surface Sediments of Lake Hongze

作　　者：杨文澜[1,2] 蒋功成[2] 王兆群[3] 张书海[3] 黄辉[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]淮阴师范学院化学化工学院,江苏淮安223300 [2]江苏省环洪泽湖生态农业生物技术重点实验室,江苏淮安223300 [3]淮安市环境监测中心站,江苏淮安223300

出　　处：《地球与环境》2013年第1期43-49,共7页Earth and Environment

基　　金：江苏省高校自然科学基金资助项目(09KJD610001);淮安市科技支撑计划资助项目(HAS2009019)

摘　　要：采用七步连续提取法对洪泽湖9个不同湖区的表层沉积物中总磷(TP)、有机磷(OP)及各种无机磷(IP)形态进行了分析,结果表明,所测洪泽湖表层沉积物中TP含量范围为630.6～1403.4mg.kg-1,以IP为主,占TP含量的67.7%～83.6%;OP含量占TP含量的16.4%～32.3%。受淮河、濉河河水注入的影响,所研究沉积物中TP、IP和OP含量的最大值均出现在靠近入湖口的临淮乡区。IP分为6种形态磷,即交换态磷(Ex-P)、铝结合磷(Al-P)、铁结合磷(Fe-P)、闭蓄态磷(Oc-P)、自生钙磷(ACa-P)和碎屑钙磷(De-P),其中以De-P为主,其次是Fe-P,分别占TP的25.1%～37.3%和18%～35.5%,Ex-P、ACa-P和Al-P含量相对较低,Oc-P含量最低。Ex-P、Al-P和Fe-P作为洪泽湖表层沉积物中潜在的生物可利用磷,其总量占TP的22.5%～41.7%。相关分析表明,TP与IP之间存在着极显著的相关性,与OP的相关性较差,表明沉积物中TP的含量主要是由IP控制。Total P（TP）,organic P（OP） and different forms of inorganic P（IP） were analyzed by using the seven-step sequential extraction method in different sediments from Lake Hongze.Distribution characteristics of P in different sections and its impact on the natural water column were discussed.The results indicated that the contents of TP in all sediment samples range from 630.6~1403.4 mg·kg-1 and IP is its dominant portion,accounting for 67.7%~83.6% of TP.OP accounts for 16.4%~32.3% of TP.Their maxima all appear in Linhuai Township near the entrance of the Huai River and Sui River to Lake Hongze.IP includes six forms of phosphorus： exchangeable P（Ex-P）,aluminum-bound P（Al-P）,iron-bound P（Fe-P）,occluded P（Oc-P）,authigenic carbonate-bound P（Ca-P） and detrital P（De-P）.De-P and Fe-P were found to be the major components of IP whose contents are 25.1%~37.3% and 18%~35.5% of TP,respectively.The contents of Ex-P,ACa-P and Al-P are all lower and those of Oc-P are lowest.Correlation analysis showed that TP is positively correlated with IP and poorly correlated with OP.IP strongly influences the contents of TP in sediments.

关 键 词：洪泽湖 沉积物 磷形态 分布 

分 类 号：P595[天文地球—地球化学] X142[天文地球—地质学]