塔里木盆地阿恰构造带断裂构造分析  

Tectonic Analysis on Aqia Fault Belt in the Western Tarim Basin

作　　者：刘亚雷[1] 齐英敏[2] 刘云翔[2] 王月然[2] 赵岩[1] 张强[1] 文磊[1] 胡秀芳[3] 李曰俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029 [2]中国石油塔里木油田分公司,新疆库尔勒841000 [3]浙江大学海洋科学与工程学系,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《现代地质》2013年第1期158-164,共7页Geoscience

基　　金：国家科技重大专项课题"全球重点大区石油地质特征与油气分布规律"(2011ZX05028-003);中国石油塔里木油田分公司项目(041010120141)

摘　　要：阿恰构造带位于塔里木盆地西部,主要由阿恰断裂和乔来买提断裂组成,构成了塔里木盆地次级构造单元阿瓦提凹陷和巴楚断隆分界线的西北段。通过地震资料解释,将阿恰断裂带分为西段、中段和东段3部分。西段为基底卷入型单断逆冲构造样式,断层倾向巴楚断隆;中段为"Y"字形基底卷入型逆冲构造样式,除倾向巴楚断隆的主冲断层外,还发育倾向相反的反冲断层,开始显现出楔状冲断构造的轮廓;东段为典型的楔状冲断构造,倾向巴楚断隆的主冲断层向上断至中寒武统,其冲断位移量完全被倾向阿瓦提凹陷的反冲断层吸收。同时,在阿恰断裂的西段和中段,断层上盘还发育第四纪正断层,而断裂东段不发育。研究认为阿恰断裂带主要存在两期断裂构造:深部基底卷入型逆冲断裂带和其上叠加的浅部正断层。前者形成于新近纪库车组沉积前,在库车组沉积期间持续活动,并在新近纪晚期定型;后者是本次研究首次发现的,形成于第四纪早中期,且只发育在阿恰断裂带的西段和中段。The Aqia fault belt, which occurs as the boundary of the Awati Sag and Bachu Fault-Uplift in the western Tarim Basin, is mainly made up of Aqia fault and Qiaolaimaiti fault. Based on seismic interpretation, it can be divided into three parts： the west, the middle and the east sections. The west section is a single base- ment-involved thrust fault which dips towards the Bachu Fault-Uplift. Comparatively, the middle section has a Y-shape tectonic style and begins to show the wedge-shaped thrust features, which develops not only the main Bachu-inclining fault mentioned above, but also a recoil fault with a reversed inclination. In the east section, the main Bachu-inclining fault stopped growing at Mid-Cambrian, with the displacement above completely ab- sorbed by the Awati-inclining recoil fault, which finally forms the typical wedge-shaped thrust structures. A se- ries of Quaternary normal faults have developed on the upper fault plate in the west and middle sections. Ac- cording to the research, we conclude that there exist mainly two stages of fault tectonics in the Aqia fault belt ： the deep basement-involved thrust fault zone and the shallow overlaid normal faults series. The former started toform in Early Neogene and finally stabilized in Late Neogene; the latter is a new discovery in this paper which formed in the Early-Middle Quaternary and it developed only in the west and middle sections of the Aqia fault belt.

关 键 词：阿恰断裂带 基底卷入型 楔状冲断构造 第四纪正断层 塔里木盆地 

分 类 号：P618.130.2[天文地球—矿床学] P542.3[天文地球—地质学]