遭受雷击时输电杆塔及其接地装置的暂态电位分布  

Transient Potential Distribution of Transmission Tower and Its Grounding Device Under Lightning

作　　者：张波[1] 薛惠中[1,2] 金祖山[3] 余绍峰[3] 吴锦鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学电机工程与应用电子技术系电力系统及发电设备控制和仿真国家重点实验室,北京100084 [2]北京市昌平供电公司,北京102200 [3]浙江省电力试验研究院,杭州310014

出　　处：《高电压技术》2013年第2期393-398,共6页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2009CB724504);电力系统及发电设备控制和仿真国家重点实验室(SKLD09M34)~~

摘　　要：为向以减少输电线路的雷击故障率为目的的接地降阻和杆塔优化设计提供参考,通过电磁场数值计算方法分析了雷击情况下输电杆塔及其接地装置各自承受的电压,以及在不同雷电参数、杆塔高度、土壤电阻率、接地装置大小等条件下,杆塔和接地装置上的雷电电压变化规律。计算结果表明,雷电流波前时间越短、杆塔越高、土壤电阻率越高、接地装置规模越小,雷击时塔顶电位峰值越高。由于降低接地电阻可以明显减少塔顶电压维持在较高值的时间,因此在高土壤电阻率地区通过降低接地电阻可以有效减少直击雷的危害。In order to provide references for grounding resistance reduction and tower optimization which aim at reducing the lightning failure rate of transmission lines,the withstand voltages of a transmission tower and its grounding device under a lightning strike were analyzed using an numerical method of electromagnetic fields.The voltage distributions on the transmission tower and the grounding device were obtained by taking different conditions into consideration,such as parameters of the lightning waveform,height of the tower,soil resistance and size of the grounding device.The calculation results showed that,under a lightning stroke,a higher voltage peak on the tower resulted from a shorter front time of lighting wave,a higher height of the tower,a bigger grounding resistance,or a smaller size of the grounding device.Since reducing the grounding resistance can significantly decrease the continuous time of high voltage at the top of the tower,lowering the ground resistance of transmission towers in high soil resistivity areas is a good method for reducing the damage of lightning strokes.

关 键 词：输电杆塔 接地装置 雷击 暂态电压 波过程 矩量法 

分 类 号：TM862[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]