雷电先导放电的三维数值模拟与应用  

Three-dimensional Numerical Simulation of Lightning Discharge and Its Application

作　　者：万浩江[1] 魏光辉[1] 陈强[1] 陈亚洲[1] 

机构地区：[1]军械工程学院静电与电磁防护研究所,石家庄050003

出　　处：《高电压技术》2013年第2期430-436,共7页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：军队科研计划项目(7130933);国家自然科学基金(51077132)~~

摘　　要：雷电先导放电的数值模拟是反映雷电先导发展和雷击规律的一种重要手段。为提高雷电先导放电三维数值模拟的空间分辨率,将修正的介质击穿模型与计算区域的边界条件相结合,建立了一种具有双概率指数和双击穿发展阈值的雷电双向先导发展概率模式,实现了雷电先导放电在50m空间分辨率的三维数值模拟。通过比较自然界中雷电放电与模拟结果的分形维数和先导临近时地面电场峰值的增强情况,验证了该模拟方法的合理性。最后应用上述数值模拟技术,并结合数值内插方法建立了地面防雷装置防护性能的评估模型(空间分辨率为1m),分析了单根避雷针系统附近的雷击概率分布及其保护范围,其结果与折线法规定的保护范围基本一致。Numerical simulation of lightning discharge is one of the most important methods to reflect the law of lightning progressing process and lightning strike incidence.In order to improve the spatial resolution of numerical simulation,combining the improved dielectric breakdown model with the boundary conditions of the calculation region,we proposed an improved development probability model with different probability exponents for pre-breakdown points and progress directions and different critical electric field thresholds for positive leader and negative leader propagation.Moreover,we realized three-dimensional numerical simulation of lightning discharge with resolution of 50 m on the basis of the fractal theory.By comparing the statistical values of two assessment parameters of natural lightning discharges and simulation results,the fractal dimensions and the enhanced levels of the on-ground peak electric field due to the leader＇s approach,we verified the rationality of the numerical simulation,put forward an estimation algorithm on lightning protection performance at 1 m resolution by combining the numerical simulation technology with the numerical interpolation method,and analyzed the striking probability and protection radius of a single lightning rod according to the proposed estimation model.The results show that the protection range obtained by the estimation algorithm is basically consistent with that proposed by the polygon method.

关 键 词：介质击穿模型(DBM) 雷电放电 分形 数值模拟 数值评估 保护范围 

分 类 号：TM863[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]