剖宫产术对母乳喂养的影响  

Influence of cesarean delivery on breast feeding

作　　者：陈久霞[1] 姚聪[1] 赵红莉[1] 张小棉[1] 李岐佩[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学医学院第二附属医院预防保健科,陕西西安710004

出　　处：《中国妇幼健康研究》2013年第1期26-27,共2页Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research

摘　　要：目的了解剖宫产术对母乳喂养的影响。方法选择剖宫产（剖宫产组）、阴道分娩（阴道分娩组）各50例产妇为研究对象，比较两组产妇产后泌乳始动时间、产后1年内母乳喂养情况；用放射免疫法测定两组产妇产后血清催乳素含量。结果剖宫产组产后泌乳始动时间为16．3±6．8小时，晚于阴道分娩组的5．7±2．6小时（t=3．372，P=0．001）。剖宫产组产后3天内泌乳量多者为28．0％，明显低于阴道分娩纽的52．0％（X2=6．000，P=0．014）；在分娩后12小时，阴道分娩组血清催乳素为8136±1438nmol／L，剖宫产组为7125±1542nmol／L，两组比较差异有统计学意义（t=2．367，P=0．017）；产后1个月时，两组母乳喂养率比较差异无统计学意义（X2=0．136，P=0．712）；产后6、12个月时，剖宫产组母乳喂养率均低于阴道分娩组（X2=10．667，P=0．001；X2=4．320．P=0．038）。结论与阴道分娩组比较，剖宫产术后产妇泌乳始动时间晚，泌乳量少，血清催乳素含量低，产后1年内母乳喂养失败的风险高。对剖宫产产妇更应加强健康教育，促进泌乳、催乳的措施，以提高母乳喂养成功率。Objective To study the influence of cesarean delivery on breast feeding. Methods Totally 50 cases of cesarean delivery （cesarean delivery group） and 50 cases of vaginal delivery （vaginal delivery group） were selected as subjects, and then the initial time of lactation and breast feeding within one year after parturition of two groups were compared. Radioimmunassay was used to detect the content of serum prolaetin of them. Results The initial time of lactation, sufficiency milk yield ratio, serum prolactin at 12h after parturition in cesarean delivery group were 16.3 ±6.8h, 28.0% and 7 125 ± 1 542nmol/L, respectively, while in vaginal delivery group,they were 5.7 ± 2.6h, 52.0% and 8 136± 1 438nmol/L, respectively. The differences between two groups were statistically significant （t = 3. 372 ,P = 0. 001 ;X2 = 6. 000, P = 0.014 ;t = 2. 367, P = 0. 017 ）. There was no significant difference in breast feeding rate at one month between two groups （X2 =0. 136,P =0. 712） , while at 6 and 12 month the breast feeding rates in cesarean delivery group were lower than those in vaginal delivery group （X2 = 10. 667, P = 0. 001 ;X2 = 4. 320, P = 0. 038 ）. Conclusion Compared with vaginal delivery group, the initial time of lactation is later, the milk yield is less, the content of serum prolactin is lower and the risk of breast feeding failure is higher in cesarean delivery group. So the healthy education should be enhanced and strategies for lactation and stimulating lactation should be imoroved so as to increase the successful rate of breast feeding.

关 键 词：剖宫产术 阴道分娩 母乳喂养 催乳素 

分 类 号：R714[医药卫生—妇产科学]